Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
46 (2022 est.)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
2.49 million (2022 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
state-owned public radio and TV broadcaster operates 3 nationwide TV stations, 3 nationwide radio stations, and 16 regional radio stations; roughly a dozen privately owned TV stations broadcast nationally, and another 25 locally; nearly 75% of households have access to multi-channel cable or satellite TV; 2 privately owned radio stations broadcast nationwide, with another 240 local stations; Norway was the first country to phase out FM radio in favor of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) (2019)
Communications: Internet country code
.no
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
99.00% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
3 (2022 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
145,000 (2022 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
111 (2022 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
6.09 million (2022 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
milk, barley, potatoes, oats, wheat, pork, chicken, beef, eggs, carrots/turnips (2023)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on alcohol and tobacco
3.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on food
11.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$178.156 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$261.945 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2013
$53.450 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2014
$54.965 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2015
$31.106 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2016
$14.766 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2017
$21.650 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2018
$34.961 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2019
$11.919 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
$4.212 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
$74.499 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
$170.714 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
$84.104 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
$82.511 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
10.7458 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
Norwegian kroner (NOK) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
5.8750 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
6.3017 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
8.0642 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
8.4000 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
8.2717 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
8.1325 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
8.8000 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
9.4158 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
8.5900 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
9.6142 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
10.5633 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
10.7458 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
natural gas, crude petroleum, fish, refined petroleum, aluminum (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$208.873 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$199.328 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$149.733 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$133.315 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$147.570 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$168.092 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$149.767 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$118.416 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$216.631 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$323.875 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$230.882 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$229.205 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
47.9% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
22% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
37.7% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-32.5% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
21.7% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
2.6% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
2% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
37% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
51.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$102,038 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$483.727 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$568.582 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2015
27.5 (2015 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2016
28.5 (2016 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2017
27.0 (2017 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018
27.6 (2018 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019
27.7 (2019 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020
28.4 (2020 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
29.1 (2021 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
26.9 (2022 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023
26.5 (2023 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
22% (2022 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
3.5% (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
cars, refined petroleum, ships, nickel, garments (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$121.079 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$123.655 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$123.078 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$130.071 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$139.774 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$140.014 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$121.847 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$141.881 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$160.649 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$156.11 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$162.467 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
2.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
2.17% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
3.55% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
1.88% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
2.76% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
2.17% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
1.29% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
3.48% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
5.76% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
5.52% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
3.15% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
3.042 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
12.20% (2021 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2017
36.5% of GDP (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$340.765 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$315.145 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$310.303 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$340.837 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$379.378 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$361.020 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$481.255 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$496.877 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$497.236 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$507.68 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
1.86% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
1.16% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
2.46% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
0.83% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
1.12% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-1.28% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
3.91% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
3.25% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
0.07% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
2.10% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$66,332 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$60,738 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$59,280 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$64,590 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$70,940 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$67,111 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$88,984 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$91,100 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$103,638 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2020
$589.0 million (2020 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
$671.8 million (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
0.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
0.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
0.1% of GDP (2024 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$57.456 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$60.445 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$65.924 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$63.145 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$66.946 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$75.259 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$84.271 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$72.077 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$80.459 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$81.242 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
27.1% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
3.68% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
4.42% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
4.36% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
3.23% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
3.57% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
4.00% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
10.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
12.3% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
11.6% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: consumption
1.096 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: exports
60,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
1.042 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: production
120,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: proven reserves
2 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: biomass and waste
0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
1.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
89.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: solar
0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: wind
9.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
127.335 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: exports
30.978 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
13.232 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
41.1 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
7.025 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
206.961 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
5.082 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: exports
117.597 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: imports
104.744 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
121.637 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
1.544 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
8.122 billion barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
229,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
2.02 million bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
2.929 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
10.029 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
25.576 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
38.535 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast
Environment: Environmental issues
water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and affecting lakes and fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions
Environment: Geoparks: global geoparks and regional networks
Gea Norvegica; Fjord Coast; Magma; Sunnhordland; Trollfjell (2025)
Environment: Geoparks: total global geoparks and regional networks
5 (2025)
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
2.7% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 2.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.5% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
33.3% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
64% (2023 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: agriculture
99.8 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: energy
31 kt (2022-2024 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: other
6.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: waste
33 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
7 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
393 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
844.9 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
1.071 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
773.41 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
1.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
83.33% (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
4.15 million tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
35.3% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly larger than twice the size of Georgia; slightly larger than New Mexico
Geography: Area: land
304,282 sq km
Geography: Area: water
19,520 sq km
Geography: Coastline
25,148 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Norwegian Sea 0 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
460 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
62 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography: Geography - note
about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much-indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of the most rugged and longest coastlines in the world
Geography: Irrigated land
337 sq km (2016)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Finland 709 km; Sweden 1,666 km; Russia 191 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
2,566 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
2.7% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 2.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.5% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
33.3% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
64% (2023 est.)
Geography: Map references
Europe
Geography: Maritime claims: contiguous zone
10 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: continental shelf
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
rockslides, avalanches volcanism: Beerenberg (2,227 m) on Jan Mayen Island in the Norwegian Sea is the country's only active volcano
Geography: Population distribution
most people live in the south; population clusters are found along the North Sea coast in the southwest and Skaggerak in the southeast; the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated
Geography: Terrain
glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north
Government: Administrative divisions
12 counties ( fylker , singular - fylke ); Agder, Innlandet, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Oslo, Rogaland, Romsdal, Troms og Finnmark, Trondelag, Vestfold og Telemark, Vestland, Viken (2024)
Government: Capital: daylight saving time
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Government: Capital: etymology
the name may derive from the Old Norwegian word os , meaning "estuary" and referring to the city's location on a fjord; alternatively, the name may come from As, a Scandinavian god, and Lo, a nearby river
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
59 55 N, 10 45 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Norway
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
yes
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
7 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposals submitted by members of Parliament or by the government within the first three years of Parliament's four-year term; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of a two-thirds quorum in the next elected Parliament
Government: Constitution: history
drafted spring 1814, adopted 16 May 1814, signed by Constituent Assembly 17 May 1814
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Norway
Government: Country name: etymology
derives from the Old Norse words norre and vegr , meaning "northern way," and refers to the long coastline of western Norway
Government: Country name: local long form
Kongeriket Norge
Government: Country name: local short form
Norge
Government: Dependent areas
Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard (3)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Eric MEYER (since August 2024)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
OsloACS@state.gov https://no.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
Morgedalsvegen 36, 0378 Oslo
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[47] 22-56-27-51
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
5460 Oslo Place, Washington DC 20521-5460
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[47] 21-30-85-40
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Anniken Scharning HUITFELDT (since 18 September 2024)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
New York, San Francisco
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
emb.washington@mfa.no https://www.norway.no/en/usa/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 469-3990
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 333-6000
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Council of State appointed by the monarch, approved by Parliament
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991)
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister, with the approval of Parliament
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Prime Minister Jonas Gahr STORE (since 14 October 2021)
Government: Flag
description: red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the the cross is shifted to the left side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) meaning: the colors represent Norway's past political unions with Denmark (red and white) and Sweden (blue)
Government: International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, EITI (implementing country), ESA, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (consists of the chief justice and 18 associate justices)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
justices appointed by the monarch (King in Council) on the recommendation of the Judicial Appointments Board; justices can serve until mandatory retirement at age 70
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Courts of Appeal or Lagmennsrett; regional and district courts; Conciliation Boards; ordinary and special courts
Government: Legal system
mixed system of civil, common, and customary law; Supreme Court can advise on legislative acts
Government: Legislative branch: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch: expected date of next election
September 2029
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
unicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament (Stortinget)
Government: Legislative branch: most recent election date
9/8/2025
Government: Legislative branch: number of seats
169 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch: parties elected and seats per party
Labour Party (53); Progress Party (47); Conservative Party (24); Socialist Left Party (9); Center Party (9); Red Party (9); Other (18)
Government: Legislative branch: percentage of women in chamber
40.2%
Government: Legislative branch: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch: term in office
4 years
Government: National anthem(s): history
royal anthem; uses the tune of "God Save the King," the United Kingdom's anthem
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Gustav JENSEN
Government: National color(s)
red, white, blue
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Bryggen (c); Urnes Stave Church (c); Røros Mining Town and the Circumference (c); Rock Art of Alta (c); Vegaøyan – The Vega Archipelago (c); Struve Geodetic Arc (c); West Norwegian Fjords – Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord (n); Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site (c)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
8 (7 cultural, 1 natural)
Government: National holiday
Constitution Day, 17 May (1814)
Government: National symbol(s)
lion
Government: Political parties
Center Party or Sp Christian Democratic Party or KrF Conservative Party or H Green Party or MDG Labor Party or Ap Liberal Party or V Patient Focus or PF Progress Party or FrP Red Party or R Socialist Left Party or SV
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
Two centuries of Viking raids into Europe tapered off after King Olav TRYGGVASON adopted Christianity in 994; conversion of the Norwegian kingdom occurred over the next several decades. In 1397, Norway was absorbed into a union with Denmark that lasted more than four centuries. In 1814, Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution. Sweden then invaded Norway but agreed to let Norway keep its constitution in return for accepting the union under a Swedish king. Rising nationalism throughout the 19th century led to a 1905 referendum granting Norway independence. Norway remained neutral in World War I and proclaimed its neutrality at the outset of World War II, but Nazi Germany nonetheless occupied the country for five years (1940-45). In 1949, Norway abandoned neutrality and became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU. Key domestic issues include immigration and integration of ethnic minorities, maintaining the country's extensive social safety net with an aging population, and preserving economic competitiveness.
Military and Security: Military - note
the Norwegian Armed Forces (Forsvaret) are responsible for protecting Norway and its allies, including monitoring Norway’s airspace, digital, land, and maritime areas, maintaining the country’s borders and sovereignty, contributing to NATO and UN missions, and providing support to civil society, such as assisting the police, search and rescue, and maritime counterterrorism efforts; the military’s territorial and sovereignty defense missions are complicated by Norway’s vast sea areas, numerous islands, long and winding fjords, and difficult and mountainous terrain; a key area of emphasis is its far northern border with Russia Norway is one of the original members of NATO, and the Alliance is a key component of Norway’s defense policy; the Forsvaret participates in NATO exercises, missions, and operations, including air policing of NATO territory, NATO’s Enhanced Forward Presence mission in the Baltic States and Eastern Europe, and standing naval missions, as well as operations in non-NATO areas, such as the Middle East the Forsvaret also cooperates closely with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO; established 2009), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; Norway contributes to the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, a pool of high-readiness military forces from 10 Baltic and Scandinavian countries designed to respond to a wide range of contingencies in the High North, North Atlantic, and Baltic Sea regions; Norway has close military ties with the US, including rotational US military deployments and an agreement allowing for mutual defense activities and US military forces to access some Norwegian facilities the Forsvaret's origins go back to the leidangen, defense forces which were established along the coastline in the 10th century to protect the Norwegian coast (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Norwegian Armed Forces (Forsvaret or "the Defense"): Norwegian Army (Haeren), Royal Norwegian Navy (Kongelige Norske Sjoeforsvaret; includes Coastal Rangers and Coast Guard (Kystvakt)), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret), Home Guard (Heimevernet, HV) (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 27,000 active military personnel; approximately 40,000 Home Guard (2025)
Military and Security: Military deployments
around 100 Lithuania (NATO); Norway also deploys air and naval assets in support of other NATO operations (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the military has an inventory of modern, domestically produced and imported Western European and US armaments; Norway's defense industry participates in joint development and production of weapons systems with other European countries (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
1.50% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
1.62% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
1.71% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
1.72% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
1.84% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
1.97% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.68% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.46% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.81% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
2.09% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2025
3.4% of GDP (2025 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
17 (men) or 18 (women) for voluntary military service; all Norwegian citizens 19-44 are subject to selective compulsory military service; 19-month service obligation for those selected (12 months plus 4-5 refresher training periods) (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
16.3% (male 461,979/female 438,243)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
64.5% (male 1,820,692/female 1,734,818)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
19.1% (2024 est.) (male 498,301/female 555,700)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
2.63 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
1 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
6.05 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
2.23 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
10.35 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 15
0% (2022)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 18
0% (2022)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
9.43% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
57.4% (2021 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
8.6 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
29.6 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
3.4 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
55 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
25.3 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.5% of GDP (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
14.5% national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditures
5.43% (2022 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Norwegian 81.5% (includes about 60,000 Sami), other European 8.9%, other 9.6% (2021 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
0.77 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
8.1% of GDP (2022)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
17.8% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
0.10% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
3.3 beds/1,000 population (2023 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
1.5 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
2.1 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
2.0 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official), small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
Verdens Faktabok, den essensielle kilden for grunnleggende informasjon. (Norwegian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
84.8 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
81.6 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
1.086 million OSLO (capital) (2023)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
1 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
41.5 years
People and Society: Median age: male
40.1 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
29.8 years (2020 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Norwegian
People and Society: Net migration rate
3.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
23.1% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
4.98 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
People and Society: Population
5,572,279 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
most people live in the south; population clusters are found along the North Sea coast in the southwest and Skaggerak in the southeast; the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated
People and Society: Population growth rate
0.57% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
2,728,761
People and Society: Population: male
2,780,972
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
20 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
18 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
19 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.9 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
1.02 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
11.3% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
12.6% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
12% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
1.45 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
1.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
83.33% (2024 est.)
Space: Key space-program milestones
1962 - launched first research rocket 1992 - began operating first communications satellite (THOR-1) 2010 - built first satellite (AISSat-1) to monitor from polar orbit Automatic Identification Signals from ships (launched by India) 2017 - launched two microsatellites (NorSat-1 and -2) to track commercial sea vessels 2025 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration
Space: Space agency/agencies
the Norwegian Space Agency (NOSA, aka Norsk Romsenter; established 1987) (2025)
Space: Space launch site(s)
Andøya Space Center (Andøya Island; note - first operational spaceport in continental Europe) (2025)
Space: Space program overview
jointly designs and builds satellites with foreign partners, including communications, remote sensing (RS), scientific, and navigational/positional satellites; develops and launches sounding rockets; researches and produces a range of other space-related technologies, including satellite/space launch vehicle (SLV) and space station components, telescopes, and robotics; conducts solar and telecommunications research; member of the ESA; participates in international programs such as the International Space Station; hosts training on the island of Svalbard for Mars landing missions; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Canada, ESA/EU member states, Japan, Russia, and the US; has an active and advanced private-sector space industry that works with domestic and foreign space programs (2025)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
129,894 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
1,621 (2024 est.)
Transportation: Airports
146 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
LN
Transportation: Heliports
113 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
bulk carrier 109, container ship 1, general cargo 274, oil tanker 95, other 1,241
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
1,720 (2022)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Bergen, Drammen, Hammerfest, Harstad, Horten, Karsto, Mongstad, Oslo, Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim
Transportation: Ports: large
1
Transportation: Ports: medium
10
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
54
Transportation: Ports: size unknown
6
Transportation: Ports: small
34
Transportation: Ports: total ports
141 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
90
Transportation: Railways: total
3,848 km (2020) 2,482 km electrified
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.