Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
7.80 (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
456,000 (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
state-funded public TV broadcaster NTRK operates Ala-Too 24 news channel and 4 other educational, cultural, and sports channels; ELTR is a state-owned TV station; the switchover to digital TV in 2017 resulted in private TV station growth; approximately 20 TV stations are struggling to increase Kyrgyz-language content to 60% of airtime, as required by law, instead of rebroadcasting programs from Russian channels or airing unlicensed movies and music; several Russian TV stations also broadcast; state-funded radio stations and about 10 significant private radio stations (2023)
Communications: Internet country code
.kg
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
92.0% (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
2.18 (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
185,000 (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
107.49 (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
7.72 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
milk, potatoes, maize, sugar beets, wheat, barley, tomatoes, onions, watermelons, carrots/turnips (2023)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$4.452 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$4.84 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
$374.257 million (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
-$737.696 million (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
-$5.18 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
$-4.112 billion (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2023
$11.690 billion (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
soms (KGS) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
77.346 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
84.641 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
84.116 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
87.856 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
87.15 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
gold, coal, precious metal ore, refined petroleum, garments (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$2.435 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$3.292 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$3.628 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$6.066 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
26.8% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
12.2% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
93.3% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
65.6% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
25.8% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
12.5% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
8.0% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
26.5% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
51.2% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$9,220 (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$22.624 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$57.852 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
26.4 (2022 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2024
27.50 (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
22.9% (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
4.2% (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Imports - commodities
cars, garments, refined petroleum, fabric, footwear (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$4.051 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$5.928 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$10.655 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$14.840 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
9.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
11.9% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
13.9% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
10.8% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
8.2% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Labor force
2,868,314 (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Population below poverty line
25.7% (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2023
38.7% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$42.826 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$46.686 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$57.852 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
9% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
9% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
11.1% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$6,100 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$6,600 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
32.6% of GDP (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
26.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
18.8% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
17.6% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$2.799 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$3.237 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$5.089 billion (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
30.4% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
4.1% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
4% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
3.5% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
8.1% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
8.3% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
8.2% (2025, World Bank)
Energy: Coal: consumption
4.212 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: exports
1.672 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
1.443 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: production
3.685 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: proven reserves
28.499 billion metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - rural areas
100.0% (2024, World Bank)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100.0% (2024, World Bank)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - urban areas
100.0% (2024, World Bank)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
14.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
85.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
14.872 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: exports
428.01 million kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
3.929 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
3.944 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
2.363 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
27.58 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
435.336 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: imports
406.698 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
28.638 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
5.663 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
40 million barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
31,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
6,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
6.301 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
854,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
4.234 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
11.389 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan Mountains; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone
Environment: Environmental issues
water pollution; increasing soil salinity from irrigation practices; air pollution due to vehicle traffic
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
54.0% (2023, World Bank)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
6.7% (2023, World Bank)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 46.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
7.1% (2023, World Bank)
Environment: Land use: other
39.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
40.9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
23.618 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
7.1 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
336 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
224 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
2.05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
34.7% (2025, World Bank)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
1.113 million tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
14.6% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly smaller than South Dakota
Geography: Area: land
191,801 sq km
Geography: Area: water
8,150 sq km
Geography: Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
2,988 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
41 00 N, 75 00 E
Geography: Geography - note
landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; 94% of the country is 1,000 m above sea level with an average elevation of 2,750 m; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes
Geography: Irrigated land
10,041 sq km (2022)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
China 1,063 km; Kazakhstan 1,212 km; Tajikistan 984 km; Uzbekistan 1,314 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
4,573 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
54% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 6.7% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 46.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
6.5% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
39.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Major lakes (area sq km): salt water lake(s)
Ozero Issyk-Kul 6,240 sq km note - second largest saline lake after the Caspian Sea; second highest mountain lake after Lake Titicaca; it is an endorheic mountain basin; although surrounded by snow capped mountains it never freezes
Geography: Major rivers (by length in km)
Syr Darya river source (shared with Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan [m]) - 3,078 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Geography: Major watersheds (area sq km): Internal (endorheic basin) drainage
Tarim Basin (1,152,448 sq km), (Aral Sea basin) Amu Darya (534,739 sq km), Syr Darya (782,617 sq km)
Geography: Map references
Asia
Geography: Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
Geography: Natural hazards
major flooding during snow melt; prone to earthquakes
Geography: Population distribution
the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas; densest population settlement is to the north in and around the capital, Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west; the least densely populated area is the east, in the Tien Shan mountains
Geography: Terrain
peaks of the Tien Shan mountain range and associated valleys and basins encompass the entire country
Government: Administrative divisions
7 provinces ( oblustar , singular - oblus ) and 2 cities* ( shaarlar , singular - shaar ); Batken Oblusu, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblusu (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblusu, Naryn Oblusu, Osh Oblusu, Osh Shaary*, Talas Oblusu, Ysyk-Kol Oblusu (Karakol)
Government: Capital: etymology
the meaning of the name is unknown; the city was founded in 1862 as a Russian settlement on the site of an Uzbek fortress named Bishkek; the Russian version of the name was Pishpek, and the original name only came back into use in 1991
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
42 52 N, 74 36 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in force
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
5 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president
Government: Constitution: history
previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in 2021
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Kyrgyzstan
Government: Country name: etymology
named for the local Kyrgyz people, with "-stan" coming from the Persian word ostan , meaning "country;" the Kyrgyz name may derive from the Turkic root words kir , or "steppe," and gismek , "to wander;" the name is traditionally said to come from a combination of the Turkic words kyrg (forty) and - is (hundred), based on a tale about two tribes and the number of their tents
Government: Country name: local long form
Kyrgyz Respublikasy
Government: Country name: local short form
Kyrgyzstan
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Lesslie VIGUERIE (since 29 December 2022)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
ConsularBishkek@state.gov https://kg.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[996] (312) 597-744
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
7040 Bishkek Place, Washington DC 20521-7040
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[996] (312) 597-000
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
2360 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Aibek MOLDOGAZIEV (since 11 June 2025)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
kgembassy.usa@mfa.gov.kg Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in the USA and Canada (mfa.gov.kg)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 449-8275
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 449-9822
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2021: Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14% 2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9%
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a five-year term (eligible for a second term)
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
2027
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Adylbek KASYMALIYEV (since 18 December 2024)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
10 January 2021
Government: Flag
description: red field with a yellow sun in the center that has 40 rays that run counterclockwise on the front of the flag and clockwise on the reverse; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines in a stylized representation of a tunduk, the circular opening at the top of a traditional Kyrgyz yurt meaning: the sun's rays represent the Kyrgyz tribes; red stands for bravery and valor, and the sun for peace and wealth
Government: International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Government: International organization participation
ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson, and 9 judges)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory retirement at age 70 for judges of both courts
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts
Government: Legal system
civil law system that includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws
Government: Legislative branch: electoral system
other systems
Government: Legislative branch: expected date of next election
November 2030
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
unicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Supreme Council (Jogorku Kenesh)
Government: Legislative branch: most recent election date
11/30/2025
Government: Legislative branch: number of seats
90 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch: parties elected and seats per party
Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan (Fatherland) (15); Ishenim (Trust) (12); Yntymak (Harmony) (9); Alyans (Alliance) (7); Butun Kyrgyzstan (United) (6); Yiman Nuru (Ray of Faith) (5); Independents (34)
Government: Legislative branch: percentage of women in chamber
22.2%
Government: Legislative branch: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch: term in office
5 years
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 1992
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Djamil SADYKOV and Eshmambet KULUEV/Nasyr DAVLESOV and Kalyi MOLDOBASANOV
Government: National coat of arms
adopted in 1992, the coat of arms of Kyrgyzstan highlights two of its best-known geographic features, Issyk-Kul Lake and the Tien Shan mountain range; the falcon, the national symbol, stands for nobleness and purity, and light blue for courage and generosity; the word “Kyrgyz” appears at the top of the emblem, and “Republic” at the bottom; the wheat, cotton, and rising sun were symbols used during the Soviet era
Government: National color(s)
red, yellow
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Sulaiman-Too Sacred Mountain (c); Silk Roads: the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Western Tien Shan (n)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 31 August (1991)
Government: National symbol(s)
white falcon
Government: Political parties
Afghan's Party Alliance Cohesion Fatherland Kyrgyzstan Ishenim Light of Faith Mekenchil Social Democrats or SDK United Kyrgyzstan
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
Kyrgyzstan is a Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions. The Russian Empire annexed most of the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916, during which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1926 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations in 2005 and 2010 resulted in the ouster of the country’s first two presidents, Askar AKAEV and Kurmanbek BAKIEV. Almazbek ATAMBAEV was sworn in as president in 2011. In 2017, ATAMBAEV became the first Kyrgyzstani president to serve a full term and respect constitutional term limits, voluntarily stepping down at the end of his mandate. Former prime minister and ruling Social-Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan member Sooronbay JEENBEKOV replaced him after winning the 2017 presidential election, which was the most competitive in the country’s history despite reported cases of vote buying and abuse of public resources. In 2020, protests against parliamentary election results spread across Kyrgyzstan, leading to JEENBEKOV’s resignation and catapulting previously imprisoned Sadyr JAPAROV to acting president. In 2021, Kyrgyzstanis formally elected JAPAROV as president and approved a referendum to move Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system. In 2021, Kyrgyzstanis voted in favor of constitutional changes that consolidated power in the presidency. Pro-government parties won a majority in the 2021 legislative elections. Continuing concerns for Kyrgyzstan include the trajectory of democratization, endemic corruption, tense regional relations, vulnerabilities due to climate change, border security vulnerabilities, and potential terrorist threats.
Military and Security: Military - note
the Kyrgyz military’s primary responsibility is defense of the country’s sovereignty and territory, although it also has some internal security duties; the military also participates in UN and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) peacekeeping missions, as well as bilateral and multinational exercises; particular issues of concern include border security and terrorism; the military’s closest security partner is Russia, which provides training and material assistance, and maintains a presence in the country, including an airbase; the military also conducts training with other regional countries such as India, traditionally with a focus on counterterrorism Kyrgyzstan has been a member of CSTO since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force; it also started a relationship with NATO in 1992 and joined NATO's Partnership for Peace program in 1994 (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic: Land Forces (Kygyz Army), Air Defense Forces (Kyrgyz Air Force), National Guard of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Security Service State Committee for National Security: Border Guard Service (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
limited available information; estimated 10-15,000 active Armed Forces, including the National Guard (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the Kyrgyz military inventory is comprised almost entirely of Russian and Soviet-era weapons and equipment; in recent years, the military has acquired small amounts of armaments from other suppliers such as Türkiye, which provided unmanned aerial vehicles/drones (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
3% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
2.8% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
3.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
3% of GDP (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2025
3.0% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary service for men in the Armed Forces or Interior Ministry; 12-month service obligation (9 months for university graduates), with optional fee-based 3-year service in the call-up mobilization reserve; women may volunteer at age 19; 16-17 years of age for military cadets, who cannot take part in military operations (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
31.9% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
62.1% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
6.0% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
0.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
3.35 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
4.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
0.23 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
19.40 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 15
0.3% (2018)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 18
12.9% (2018)
People and Society: Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.9% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Contraceptive prevalence rate
39.4% (2018, World Bank)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
4.5% of GDP (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
57.4% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
4.40 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
11.4 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
8.8 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
56 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
44.6 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 85.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
94.9% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 99.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 14.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 9.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 0.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
6.8% of GDP (2023 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
19.6% national budget (2024 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Kyrgyz 73.8%, Uzbek 14.8%, Russian 5.1%, Dungan 1.1%, other 5.2% (includes Uyghur, Tajik, Turk, Kazakh, Tatar, Ukrainian, Korean, German) (2021 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
1.18 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
5.4% of GDP (2021)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
7.6% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
3.73 (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
13.00 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
16.50 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
14.80 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Kyrgyz (state language) 71.4%, Uzbek 14.4%, Russian (official language) 9%, other 5.2% (2009 est.)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
Дүйнөлүк фактылар китеби, негизги маалыматтын маанилүү булагы. (Kyrgyz) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
76.60 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
68.40 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Literacy: female
99.0% (2009, World Bank)
People and Society: Literacy: male
99.5% (2009, World Bank)
People and Society: Literacy: total population
99.2% (2009, World Bank)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
1.105 million BISHKEK (capital) (2023)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
42.00 (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Median age: female
29.8 years
People and Society: Median age: male
26.9 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
22.6 years (2019 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Kyrgyzstani
People and Society: Net migration rate
-4.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
16.6% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
1.57 (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Population
7,343,064 (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Population distribution
the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas; densest population settlement is to the north in and around the capital, Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west; the least densely populated area is the east, in the Tien Shan mountains
People and Society: Population growth rate
1.7% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Population: female
3,713,841 (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Population: male
3,629,223 (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
98.5% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
13 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
12 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
13 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.06 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
0.96 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.62 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.07 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
3.1% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
50.7% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
26% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
2.60 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
1.7% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
34.7% (2025, World Bank)
Terrorism: Terrorist group(s)
US-designated foreign terrorist groups such as the Islamic Jihad Union, the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, and the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham-Khorasan Province have operated in the area where the Uzbek, Kyrgyz, and Tajik borders converge and ill-defined and porous borders allow for the relatively free movement of people and illicit goods
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
168,600 (2012, UNHCR)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
1,150 (2025, UNHCR)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
526 (2025, UNHCR)
Transnational Issues: Trafficking in persons: tier rating
Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Kyrgyzstan remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/kyrgyz-republic/
Transportation: Airports
28 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
EX
Transportation: Heliports
1 (2025)
Transportation: Railways: broad gauge
424 km (2018) 1.520-m gauge
Transportation: Railways: total
424 km (2022)
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.