Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
30.42 (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
1.1 million (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
state-owned Georgian Public Broadcaster (GPB) includes Channel 1, Channel 2, and Adjara TV; independent commercial TV broadcasters include Imedi, Rustavi 2, Pirveli TV, Maestro, Kavkasia, Georgian Dream Studios (GDS), Obiektivi, Mtavari Arkhi, and TOK TV (Russian language); Tabula and Post TV are web-based TV outlets; Georgian Orthodox Church operates a satellite-based television station called Unanimity; 26 regional TV broadcasters; TV shifted to digital in 2015; several dozen private radio stations; GPB operates 2 radio stations (2019)
Communications: Internet country code
.ge
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
83.8% (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
6.78 (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
278,000 (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
161.20 (2024, World Bank)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
5.91 million (2023 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
milk, grapes, potatoes, maize, wheat, tangerines/mandarins, tomatoes, barley, apples, eggs (2023)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on alcohol and tobacco
3.8% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on food
39% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$9.307 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$8.686 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
-$1.105 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
-$1.709 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
$-1.011 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2023
$25.163 billion (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
laris (GEL) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
3.109 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
3.222 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
2.916 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
2.628 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
2.721 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
cars, copper ore, electricity, garments, wine (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$13.24 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$15.173 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$18.082 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
47.4% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
13.8% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
70.7% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
53.2% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
19.0% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
0.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
5.2% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
18.6% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
63.9% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$29,414 (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$38.144 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$98.929 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023
34.8 (2023 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2024
33.90 (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
26.2% (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
2.9% (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Imports - commodities
cars, refined petroleum, packaged medicine, natural gas, garments (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$15.665 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$17.816 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$20.301 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
5.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
11.9% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.5% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
3.9% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Labor force
2,012,582 (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Population below poverty line
9.4% (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2023
40.1% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$77.838 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$83.935 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$98.929 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
11% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
7.8% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
7.5% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$21,000 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$22,600 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
15.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
13.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
11.2% of GDP (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$4.886 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$5.002 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$6.157 billion (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
28.7% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
11.7% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
11.6% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
12.1% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
31.9% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
29.2% (2025, World Bank)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
30.3% (2025, World Bank)
Energy: Coal: consumption
384,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: exports
80 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
223,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: production
148,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: proven reserves
900.999 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - rural areas
100.0% (2024, World Bank)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100.0% (2024, World Bank)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - urban areas
100.0% (2024, World Bank)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
23.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
75.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: wind
0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
12.569 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: exports
4.913 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
4.234 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
4.526 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
1.148 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
56.076 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
2.775 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: imports
2.764 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
10.77 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
8.495 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
35 million barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
34,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
300 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
812,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
5.419 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
4.469 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
10.7 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
Environment: Environmental issues
air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy water pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals; land and forest degradation; biodiversity loss; waste management
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
34.1% (2023, World Bank)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
4.4% (2023, World Bank)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.8% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 27.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
40.6% (2023, World Bank)
Environment: Land use: other
21.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
18.6 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
63.33 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
433.96 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
354.46 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
504.96 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
61.2% (2025, World Bank)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
800,000 tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
19.6% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly smaller than South Carolina; slightly larger than West Virginia
Geography: Area: land
69,700 sq km
Geography: Area: water
0 sq km
Geography: Coastline
310 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Mt'a Shkhara 5,193 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Black Sea 0 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
1,432 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
42 00 N, 43 30 E
Geography: Geography - note
note 1: strategically located east of the Black Sea, Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them note 2: the world's four deepest caves are all in Georgia, including two that are the only known caves on earth deeper than 2,000 m: Krubera Cave at -2,197 m (-7,208 ft; reached in 2012) and Veryovkina Cave at -2,212 (-7,257 ft; reached in 2018)
Geography: Irrigated land
4,330 sq km (2012)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Armenia 219 km; Azerbaijan 428 km; Russia 894 km; Turkey 273 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
1,814 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
34.1% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 4.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.8% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 27.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
44.6% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
21.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Map references
Asia
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
earthquakes
Geography: Population distribution
settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest
Geography: Terrain
largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; fertile soils in river valley flood plains and foothills of Kolkhida Lowland
Government: Administrative divisions
9 regions ( mkharebi , singular - mkhare ), 1 city ( kalaki ), and 2 autonomous republics ( avtomnoy respubliki , singular - avtom respublika ) regions: Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Mtskheta Mtianeti, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Shida Kartli; note - the breakaway region of South Ossetia consists of the northern part of Shida Kartli, eastern slivers of the Imereti region and Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, and part of western Mtskheta-Mtianeti city: Tbilisi autonomous republics: Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri Respublika (Sokhumi), Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika (Bat'umi)
Government: Capital: etymology
the name comes from the Georgian word tbili , meaning "warm" and referring to the hot sulfur springs in the area
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
41 41 N, 44 50 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Georgia
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
no
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
10 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed as a draft law supported by more than one half of the Parliament membership or by petition of at least 200,000 voters; passage requires support by at least three fourths of the Parliament membership in two successive sessions three months apart and the signature and promulgation by the president of Georgia
Government: Constitution: history
previous 1921, 1978 (based on 1977 Soviet Union constitution); latest approved 24 August 1995, effective 17 October 1995
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Georgia
Government: Country name: etymology
the Western name probably derives from the name of the local people, the Gurz, whose name origin is uncertain; the native name "Sak'art'velo" means "Land of the Kartvelians" and refers to the core central Georgian region of Kartli
Government: Country name: former
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Government: Country name: local long form
Republic of Georgia
Government: Country name: local short form
Sak'art'velo
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Alan S. PURCELL (since 16 July 2025)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
askconsultbilisi@state.gov https://ge.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
29 Georgian-American Friendship Avenue, Didi Dighomi, Tbilisi, 0131
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[995] (32) 253-23-10
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
7060 Tbilisi Place, Washington, DC 20521-7060
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[995] (32) 227-70-00
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
1824 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Tamar TALIASHVILI (since 24 July 2025)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
New York, San Francisco
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
embgeo.usa@mfa.gov.ge https://georgiaembassyusa.org/contact/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 387-0864
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 387-2390
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Cabinet of Ministers
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President Mikheil KAVELASHVILI (since 29 December 2024)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2024: Mikheil KAVELASHVILI (Georgian Dream Party) was formally inaugurated on 29 December 2024 2024: Irakli KOBAKHIDZE approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 84-10 2018: Salome ZOURABICHVILI elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Salome ZOURABICHVILI (independent, backed by Georgian Dream) 59.5%, Grigol VASHADZE (UNM) 40.5%; Irakli GARIBASHVILI approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 89-2
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president elected by a 300-member College of Electors; prime minister nominated by Parliament, appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
2029
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Prime Minister Irakli KOBAKHIDZE (since 8 February 2024)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
14 December 2024
Government: Flag
description: white rectangle with a central red cross extending to all four sides of the flag; each of the four quadrants displays a small red bolnur-katskhuri cross (also known as Bolnisi cross), which has equal-length arms that are slightly wider at the end than in the center history: sometimes referred to as the Five-Cross Flag, the design is based on a 14th-century banner of the Kingdom of Georgia
Government: International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
ADB, BSEC, CD, CE, CPLP (associate), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, G-11, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court (consists of 28 judges organized into several specialized judicial chambers; number of judges determined by the president of Georgia); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Supreme Court judges nominated by the High Council of Justice (a 14-member body consisting of the Supreme Court chairperson, common court judges, and appointees of the president of Georgia) and appointed by Parliament; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court judges appointed 3 each by the president, by Parliament, and by the Supreme Court judges; judges appointed for 10-year terms
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Courts of Appeal; regional (town) and district courts
Government: Legal system
civil law system
Government: Legislative branch: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch: expected date of next election
October 2028
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
unicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament (Sakartvelos Parlamenti)
Government: Legislative branch: most recent election date
10/26/2024
Government: Legislative branch: number of seats
150 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch: parties elected and seats per party
Georgian Dream (89); Coalition for Changes (19); Unity - National Movement (16); Strong Georgia – Lelo, For people, For Liberty! (14); For Georgia (12)
Government: Legislative branch: percentage of women in chamber
16.8%
Government: Legislative branch: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch: term in office
4 years
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 2004, after the Rose Revolution; based on music from the operas "Abesalom da Eteri" and "Daisi"
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Davit MAGRADSE/Zakaria PALIASHVILI (adapted by Joseb KETSCHAKMADSE)
Government: National color(s)
red, white
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Gelati Monastery (c); Historical Monuments of Mtskheta (c); Upper Svaneti (c); Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands (n)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
4 (3 cultural, 1 natural)
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 26 May (1918)
Government: National symbol(s)
Saint George, lion
Government: Political parties
Ahali Citizens Conservative Party Droa European Georgia - Movement for Liberty For Georgia For the People Freedom Square Georgian Dream Girchi - More Freedom Law and Justice Lelo for Georgia National Democratic Party People's Power Progress and Freedom Republican Party State for the People Strategy Aghmashenebeli United National Movement or UNM
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
The region of present-day Georgia once contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis (known as Egrisi locally) and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries A.D., and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Persian, Arab, and Turk domination was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th-13th centuries) that was cut short when the Mongols invaded in 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1921 and regained its independence when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. In 2003, mounting public discontent over rampant corruption, ineffective government services, and a government attempt to manipulate parliamentary elections touched off widespread protests that led to the resignation of Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, who had been president since 1995. In the aftermath of this "Rose Revolution," new elections in 2004 swept Mikheil SAAKASHVILI and his United National Movement (UNM) party into power. SAAKASHVILI made progress on market reforms and governance, but he faced accusations of abuse of office. Progress was further complicated when Russian support for the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia led to a five-day conflict between Russia and Georgia in August 2008, which included Russia invading large portions of Georgian territory. Russia initially pledged to pull back from most Georgian territory but then unilaterally recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and Russian military forces have remained in those regions. Billionaire Bidzina IVANISHVILI's unexpected entry into politics in 2011 brought the divided opposition together under his Georgian Dream coalition, which won a majority of seats in the 2012 parliamentary elections and removed UNM from power. Conceding defeat, SAAKASHVILI named IVANISHVILI as prime minister and left the country after his presidential term ended in 2013. IVANISHVILI voluntarily resigned from office after the presidential succession, and in the years since, the prime minister position has seen frequent turnover. In 2021, SAAKASHVILI returned to Georgia, where he was immediately arrested to serve six years in prison on outstanding abuse-of-office convictions. Popular support for integration with the West is high in Georgia. Joining the EU and NATO are among the country's top foreign policy goals, and Georgia applied for EU membership in 2022, becoming a candidate country in December 2023. Georgia and the EU have a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, and since 2017, Georgian citizens have been able to travel to the Schengen area without a visa.
Military and Security: Military - note
the Defense Forces of Georgia (DFG) are responsible for protecting the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the country; the DFG also provides units for multinational military operations abroad and supports the Border Police in border protection and civil authorities in counter-terrorist operations, if requested; it is focused primarily on Russia, which maintains military bases and troops in occupied Abkhazia and South Ossetia; a five-day conflict with Russian forces in 2008 resulted in the defeat and expulsion of Georgian forces from the breakaway regions Georgia is not a member of NATO but has had a relationship with the Alliance since 1992 and declared its aspiration to join in 2002; the military is working to make itself more compatible with NATO and has participated in multinational exercises and security operations abroad with NATO, such as Afghanistan, where it was one of the top non-NATO contributors, and Kosovo; the DFG has also contributed troops to EU and UN missions (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Georgian Defense Forces (GDF; aka Defense Forces of Georgia, DFG): Ground Forces, Air Force, Special Operations Forces, National Guard Ministry of Internal Affairs: Police, Border Police of Georgia, Coast Guard of Georgia (includes naval forces, which were merged with the Coast Guard in 2009) (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
the Georgia Defense Forces are authorized up to 37,000 personnel (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the majority of the military's inventory consists of Soviet-era weapons and equipment, some of which has been upgraded; it has smaller quantities of mostly secondhand material from such countries as Israel, Poland, Türkiye, and the US, as well as some domestically produced equipment; Georgia has a small defense industry which produces such items as small arms and light armored vehicles (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
1.7% of GDP (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2025
1.9% of GDP (2024, World Bank)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
18-35 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription was abolished in 2016, but reinstated in 2017 for men 18-27 years of age; conscript service obligation is up to 11 months depending on the assigned ministry, job specialty, and if the service is carried out in a combat unit (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
20.5% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
63.5% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
16.0% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
1.71 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
2.52 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
7.45 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
3.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
11.29 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Child marriage: men married by age 18
0.5% (2018)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 15
0.3% (2018)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 18
13.9% (2018)
People and Society: Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.1% (2018 est.)
People and Society: Contraceptive prevalence rate
39.3% (2018, World Bank)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
6.9% of GDP (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
65.3% (2018 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
11.84 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
26.6 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
3.8 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
59.5 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
32.9 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 88.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
97.3% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 99.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 11.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 0.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
4% of GDP (2024 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
12.2% national budget (2024 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Georgian 86.8%, Azeri 6.3%, Armenian 4.5%, other 2.3% (includes Russian, Ossetian, Yazidi, Ukrainian, Kist, Greek) (2014 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
0.94 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
7.4% of GDP (2022)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
10.5% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
4.04 (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
6.80 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
8.10 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
7.50 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Georgian (official) 87.6%, Azeri 6.2%, Armenian 3.9%, Russian 1.2%, other 1% (including Abkhaz, the official language in Abkhazia) (2014 est.)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
მსოფლიო ფაქტების წიგნი, ძირითადი ინფორმაციის აუცილებელი წყარო. (Georgian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
79.23 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
69.75 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Literacy: female
99.6% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Literacy: male
99.8% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Literacy: total population
99.7% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
1.082 million TBILISI (capital) (2023)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
20.00 (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Median age: female
40.6 years
People and Society: Median age: male
35.9 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
25.9 years (2019 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Georgian
People and Society: Net migration rate
-3.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
21.7% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
5.64 (2023, World Bank)
People and Society: Population
3,935,766 (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Population distribution
settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest
People and Society: Population growth rate
3.2% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Population: female
2,100,569 (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Population: male
1,835,197 (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 72.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
90.7% (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 96.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 27.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 12.9% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 3.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
17 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
16 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
16 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.06 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
0.95 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.65 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.07 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
0.92 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
7.5% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
53.9% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
28.7% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
1.80 (2024, World Bank)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
3.3% (2025, World Bank)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
61.2% (2025, World Bank)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
300,439 (2025, UNHCR)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
26,522 (2025, UNHCR)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
480 (2025, UNHCR)
Transportation: Airports
21 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
4L
Transportation: Heliports
4 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
general cargo 3, other 23
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
26 (2023)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Batumi, Sokhumi, Supsa Marine Terminal
Transportation: Ports: large
0
Transportation: Ports: medium
0
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
2
Transportation: Ports: small
1
Transportation: Ports: total ports
3 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
2
Transportation: Railways: broad gauge
1,326 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge (1,251 km electrified)
Transportation: Railways: narrow gauge
37 km (2014) 0.912-m gauge (37 km electrified)
Transportation: Railways: total
1,363 km (2014)
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.