Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
29 (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
1.1 million (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
state-owned Georgian Public Broadcaster (GPB) includes Channel 1, Channel 2, and Adjara TV; independent commercial TV broadcasters include Imedi, Rustavi 2, Pirveli TV, Maestro, Kavkasia, Georgian Dream Studios (GDS), Obiektivi, Mtavari Arkhi, and TOK TV (Russian language); Tabula and Post TV are web-based TV outlets; Georgian Orthodox Church operates a satellite-based television station called Unanimity; 26 regional TV broadcasters; TV shifted to digital in 2015; several dozen private radio stations; GPB operates 2 radio stations (2019)
Communications: Internet country code
.ge
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
83.80% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
7 (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
278,000 (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
156 (2022 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
5.91 million (2023 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
milk, grapes, potatoes, maize, wheat, tangerines/mandarins, tomatoes, barley, apples, eggs (2023)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on alcohol and tobacco
3.8% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on food
39% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$9.307 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$8.686 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2013
-$955.5 million (2013 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2014
-$1.784 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2015
-$1.767 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2016
-$1.891 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2017
-$1.310 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2018
-$1.192 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2019
-$1.057 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
-$1.989 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
-$1.939 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
-$1.105 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
-$1.709 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
-$1.491 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2022
$23.320 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2023
$9.085 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
2.7206 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
laris (GEL) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
1.6634 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
1.7657 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
2.2693 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
2.3667 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
2.5095 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
2.5341 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
2.8181 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
3.1090 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
3.2216 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
2.9162 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
2.6280 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
2.7206 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
cars, copper ore, electricity, garments, wine (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$5.240 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$7.039 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$6.110 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$6.178 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$7.557 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$8.897 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$9.578 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$5.908 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$8.045 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$13.24 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$15.173 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$16.321 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
48.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
13.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
71.3% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-56% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
22% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
0.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
5.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
19.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
62.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$28,285 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$33.776 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$104.642 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2015
36.5 (2015 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2016
36.6 (2016 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2017
37.9 (2017 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018
36.4 (2018 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019
35.9 (2019 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020
34.5 (2020 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
34.2 (2021 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
33.5 (2022 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023
34.8 (2023 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2024
33.9 (2024 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
26.9% (2023 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
2.7% (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
cars, refined petroleum, packaged medicine, natural gas, garments (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$6.115 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$8.659 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$8.483 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$9.342 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$10.769 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$11.201 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$8.965 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$11.109 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$15.665 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$17.816 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$18.915 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
5.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
4.00% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
2.13% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
6.04% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
2.62% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
4.85% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
5.20% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
9.57% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
11.90% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.49% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
1.11% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
1.833 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
9.40% (2024 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2013
28.95% (2013 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2014
30.39% (2014 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2016
39.48% (2016 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2017
38.84% (2017 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2018
38.22% (2018 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2019
44.72% (2019 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2020
65.19% (2020 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2021
54.73% (2021 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2022
42.97% (2022 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2023
43.41% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$43.780 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$45.708 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$48.701 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$51.144 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$62.388 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$62.509 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$70.151 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$77.838 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$83.935 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$91.849 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
3.35% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
3.45% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
5.16% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
6.06% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
5.38% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-6.29% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
10.64% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
10.96% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
7.83% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
9.68% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$11,771 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$12,270 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$13,065 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$13,719 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$16,770 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$16,791 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$18,916 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$22,461 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$25,072 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2013
$1.945 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2014
$1.986 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2015
$1.459 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2020
$2.110 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
$2.644 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
15.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
13.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
11.8% of GDP (2024 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$2.521 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$2.756 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$3.039 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$3.289 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$3.506 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$3.913 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$4.271 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$4.886 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$5.002 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$4.447 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
23.6% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
11.56% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
11.73% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
11.79% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
11.62% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
11.55% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
11.56% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
32.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
28.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
29.9% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: consumption
384,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: exports
80 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
223,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: production
148,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: proven reserves
900.999 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
23.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
75.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: wind
0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
12.569 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: exports
4.913 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
4.234 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
4.526 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
1.148 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
56.076 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
2.775 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: imports
2.764 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
10.77 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
8.495 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
35 million barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
34,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
300 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
812,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
5.419 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
4.469 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
10.7 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
Environment: Environmental issues
air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy water pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals; land and forest degradation; biodiversity loss; waste management
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
34.1% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 4.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.8% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 27.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
44.6% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
21.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
18.6 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
63.33 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
433.96 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
354.46 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
504.96 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
61.08% (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
800,000 tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
19.6% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly smaller than South Carolina; slightly larger than West Virginia
Geography: Area: land
69,700 sq km
Geography: Area: water
0 sq km
Geography: Coastline
310 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Mt'a Shkhara 5,193 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Black Sea 0 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
1,432 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
42 00 N, 43 30 E
Geography: Geography - note
note 1: strategically located east of the Black Sea, Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them note 2: the world's four deepest caves are all in Georgia, including two that are the only known caves on earth deeper than 2,000 m: Krubera Cave at -2,197 m (-7,208 ft; reached in 2012) and Veryovkina Cave at -2,212 (-7,257 ft; reached in 2018)
Geography: Irrigated land
4,330 sq km (2012)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Armenia 219 km; Azerbaijan 428 km; Russia 894 km; Turkey 273 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
1,814 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
34.1% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 4.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.8% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 27.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
44.6% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
21.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Map references
Asia
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
earthquakes
Geography: Population distribution
settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest
Geography: Terrain
largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; fertile soils in river valley flood plains and foothills of Kolkhida Lowland
Government: Administrative divisions
9 regions ( mkharebi , singular - mkhare ), 1 city ( kalaki ), and 2 autonomous republics ( avtomnoy respubliki , singular - avtom respublika ) regions: Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Mtskheta Mtianeti, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Shida Kartli; note - the breakaway region of South Ossetia consists of the northern part of Shida Kartli, eastern slivers of the Imereti region and Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, and part of western Mtskheta-Mtianeti city: Tbilisi autonomous republics: Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri Respublika (Sokhumi), Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika (Bat'umi)
Government: Capital: etymology
the name comes from the Georgian word tbili , meaning "warm" and referring to the hot sulfur springs in the area
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
41 41 N, 44 50 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Georgia
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
no
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
10 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed as a draft law supported by more than one half of the Parliament membership or by petition of at least 200,000 voters; passage requires support by at least three fourths of the Parliament membership in two successive sessions three months apart and the signature and promulgation by the president of Georgia
Government: Constitution: history
previous 1921, 1978 (based on 1977 Soviet Union constitution); latest approved 24 August 1995, effective 17 October 1995
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Georgia
Government: Country name: etymology
the Western name probably derives from the name of the local people, the Gurz, whose name origin is uncertain; the native name "Sak'art'velo" means "Land of the Kartvelians" and refers to the core central Georgian region of Kartli
Government: Country name: former
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Government: Country name: local long form
Republic of Georgia
Government: Country name: local short form
Sak'art'velo
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Alan S. PURCELL (since 16 July 2025)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
askconsultbilisi@state.gov https://ge.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
29 Georgian-American Friendship Avenue, Didi Dighomi, Tbilisi, 0131
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[995] (32) 253-23-10
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
7060 Tbilisi Place, Washington, DC 20521-7060
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[995] (32) 227-70-00
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
1824 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Tamar TALIASHVILI (since 24 July 2025)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
New York, San Francisco
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
embgeo.usa@mfa.gov.ge https://georgiaembassyusa.org/contact/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 387-0864
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 387-2390
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Cabinet of Ministers
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President Mikheil KAVELASHVILI (since 29 December 2024)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2024: Mikheil KAVELASHVILI (Georgian Dream Party) was formally inaugurated on 29 December 2024 2024: Irakli KOBAKHIDZE approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 84-10 2018: Salome ZOURABICHVILI elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Salome ZOURABICHVILI (independent, backed by Georgian Dream) 59.5%, Grigol VASHADZE (UNM) 40.5%; Irakli GARIBASHVILI approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 89-2
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president elected by a 300-member College of Electors; prime minister nominated by Parliament, appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
2029
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Prime Minister Irakli KOBAKHIDZE (since 8 February 2024)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
14 December 2024
Government: Flag
description: white rectangle with a central red cross extending to all four sides of the flag; each of the four quadrants displays a small red bolnur-katskhuri cross (also known as Bolnisi cross), which has equal-length arms that are slightly wider at the end than in the center history: sometimes referred to as the Five-Cross Flag, the design is based on a 14th-century banner of the Kingdom of Georgia
Government: International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
ADB, BSEC, CD, CE, CPLP (associate), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, G-11, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court (consists of 28 judges organized into several specialized judicial chambers; number of judges determined by the president of Georgia); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Supreme Court judges nominated by the High Council of Justice (a 14-member body consisting of the Supreme Court chairperson, common court judges, and appointees of the president of Georgia) and appointed by Parliament; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court judges appointed 3 each by the president, by Parliament, and by the Supreme Court judges; judges appointed for 10-year terms
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Courts of Appeal; regional (town) and district courts
Government: Legal system
civil law system
Government: Legislative branch: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch: expected date of next election
October 2028
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
unicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament (Sakartvelos Parlamenti)
Government: Legislative branch: most recent election date
10/26/2024
Government: Legislative branch: number of seats
150 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch: parties elected and seats per party
Georgian Dream (89); Coalition for Changes (19); Unity - National Movement (16); Strong Georgia – Lelo, For people, For Liberty! (14); For Georgia (12)
Government: Legislative branch: percentage of women in chamber
16.8%
Government: Legislative branch: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch: term in office
4 years
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 2004, after the Rose Revolution; based on music from the operas "Abesalom da Eteri" and "Daisi"
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Davit MAGRADSE/Zakaria PALIASHVILI (adapted by Joseb KETSCHAKMADSE)
Government: National color(s)
red, white
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Gelati Monastery (c); Historical Monuments of Mtskheta (c); Upper Svaneti (c); Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands (n)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
4 (3 cultural, 1 natural)
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 26 May (1918)
Government: National symbol(s)
Saint George, lion
Government: Political parties
Ahali Citizens Conservative Party Droa European Georgia - Movement for Liberty For Georgia For the People Freedom Square Georgian Dream Girchi - More Freedom Law and Justice Lelo for Georgia National Democratic Party People's Power Progress and Freedom Republican Party State for the People Strategy Aghmashenebeli United National Movement or UNM
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
The region of present-day Georgia once contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis (known as Egrisi locally) and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries A.D., and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Persian, Arab, and Turk domination was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th-13th centuries) that was cut short when the Mongols invaded in 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1921 and regained its independence when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. In 2003, mounting public discontent over rampant corruption, ineffective government services, and a government attempt to manipulate parliamentary elections touched off widespread protests that led to the resignation of Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, who had been president since 1995. In the aftermath of this "Rose Revolution," new elections in 2004 swept Mikheil SAAKASHVILI and his United National Movement (UNM) party into power. SAAKASHVILI made progress on market reforms and governance, but he faced accusations of abuse of office. Progress was further complicated when Russian support for the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia led to a five-day conflict between Russia and Georgia in August 2008, which included Russia invading large portions of Georgian territory. Russia initially pledged to pull back from most Georgian territory but then unilaterally recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and Russian military forces have remained in those regions. Billionaire Bidzina IVANISHVILI's unexpected entry into politics in 2011 brought the divided opposition together under his Georgian Dream coalition, which won a majority of seats in the 2012 parliamentary elections and removed UNM from power. Conceding defeat, SAAKASHVILI named IVANISHVILI as prime minister and left the country after his presidential term ended in 2013. IVANISHVILI voluntarily resigned from office after the presidential succession, and in the years since, the prime minister position has seen frequent turnover. In 2021, SAAKASHVILI returned to Georgia, where he was immediately arrested to serve six years in prison on outstanding abuse-of-office convictions. Popular support for integration with the West is high in Georgia. Joining the EU and NATO are among the country's top foreign policy goals, and Georgia applied for EU membership in 2022, becoming a candidate country in December 2023. Georgia and the EU have a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, and since 2017, Georgian citizens have been able to travel to the Schengen area without a visa.
Military and Security: Military - note
the Defense Forces of Georgia (DFG) are responsible for protecting the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the country; the DFG also provides units for multinational military operations abroad and supports the Border Police in border protection and civil authorities in counter-terrorist operations, if requested; it is focused primarily on Russia, which maintains military bases and troops in occupied Abkhazia and South Ossetia; a five-day conflict with Russian forces in 2008 resulted in the defeat and expulsion of Georgian forces from the breakaway regions Georgia is not a member of NATO but has had a relationship with the Alliance since 1992 and declared its aspiration to join in 2002; the military is working to make itself more compatible with NATO and has participated in multinational exercises and security operations abroad with NATO, such as Afghanistan, where it was one of the top non-NATO contributors, and Kosovo; the DFG has also contributed troops to EU and UN missions (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Georgian Defense Forces (GDF; aka Defense Forces of Georgia, DFG): Ground Forces, Air Force, Special Operations Forces, National Guard Ministry of Internal Affairs: Police, Border Police of Georgia, Coast Guard of Georgia (includes naval forces, which were merged with the Coast Guard in 2009) (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
the Georgia Defense Forces are authorized up to 37,000 personnel (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the majority of the military's inventory consists of Soviet-era weapons and equipment, some of which has been upgraded; it has smaller quantities of mostly secondhand material from such countries as Israel, Poland, Türkiye, and the US, as well as some domestically produced equipment; Georgia has a small defense industry which produces such items as small arms and light armored vehicles (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
1.97% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
2.04% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
1.94% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
1.86% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
1.76% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
1.79% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.59% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.61% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.66% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
1.86% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
18-35 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription was abolished in 2016, but reinstated in 2017 for men 18-27 years of age; conscript service obligation is up to 11 months depending on the assigned ministry, job specialty, and if the service is carried out in a combat unit (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
20.6% (male 520,091/female 489,882)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
62.7% (male 1,500,036/female 1,572,637)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
16.7% (2024 est.) (male 322,941/female 495,374)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
1.71 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
2.52 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
7.45 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
3.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
11.74 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Child marriage: men married by age 18
0.5% (2018)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 15
0.3% (2018)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 18
13.9% (2018)
People and Society: Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.1% (2018 est.)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
6.86% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
65.3% (2018 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
12.89 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
26.6 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
3.8 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
59.5 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
32.9 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 88.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
total: 95% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 99.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 11.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 0.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
4% of GDP (2024 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
12.2% national budget (2024 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditures
3.98% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Georgian 86.8%, Azeri 6.3%, Armenian 4.5%, other 2.3% (includes Russian, Ossetian, Yazidi, Ukrainian, Kist, Greek) (2014 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
0.94 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
7.4% of GDP (2022)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
10.5% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
0.40% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
4.0 beds/1,000 population (2023 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
19.7 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
23.6 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
20.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Georgian (official) 87.6%, Azeri 6.2%, Armenian 3.9%, Russian 1.2%, other 1% (including Abkhaz, the official language in Abkhazia) (2014 est.)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
მსოფლიო ფაქტების წიგნი, ძირითადი ინფორმაციის აუცილებელი წყარო. (Georgian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
79.2 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
69.7 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: female
99.6% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: male
99.8% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: total population
99.68% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
1.082 million TBILISI (capital) (2023)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
20 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
40.6 years
People and Society: Median age: male
35.9 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
25.9 years (2019 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Georgian
People and Society: Net migration rate
-3.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
21.7% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
5.64 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
People and Society: Population
3,699,557 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest
People and Society: Population growth rate
-0.43% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
2,557,893
People and Society: Population: male
2,343,068
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 72.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
total: 87.1% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 96.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 27.5% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 12.9% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 3.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
17 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
16 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
16 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.06 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
0.95 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.65 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.07 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
0.92 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
7.5% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
53.9% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
28.7% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
1.80 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
61.08% (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
347,754 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
31,791 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
488 (2024 est.)
Transportation: Airports
21 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
4L
Transportation: Heliports
4 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
general cargo 3, other 23
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
26 (2023)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Batumi, Sokhumi, Supsa Marine Terminal
Transportation: Ports: large
0
Transportation: Ports: medium
0
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
2
Transportation: Ports: small
1
Transportation: Ports: total ports
3 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
2
Transportation: Railways: broad gauge
1,326 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge (1,251 km electrified)
Transportation: Railways: narrow gauge
37 km (2014) 0.912-m gauge (37 km electrified)
Transportation: Railways: total
1,363 km (2014)
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.