Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
49 (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
32.3 million (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
a mix of both publicly operated and privately owned TV stations; state-owned TV stations operate 4 networks and have part-interest in several thematic cable/satellite channels and international channels; large number of privately owned regional and local TV stations; multi-channel satellite and cable services; public broadcaster Radio France operates 7 national networks, a series of regional networks, and services for overseas territories and foreign audiences; Radio France Internationale, under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is a leading international broadcaster; large number of commercial FM stations
Communications: Internet country code
metropolitan France - .fr; French Guiana - .gf; Guadeloupe - .gp; Martinique - .mq; Mayotte - .yt; Reunion - .re
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
88.65% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
56 (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
37.3 million (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
117 (2023 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
77.5 million (2023 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
wheat, sugar beets, milk, maize, barley, potatoes, grapes, rapeseed, pork, sunflower seeds (2023)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on alcohol and tobacco
3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on food
12.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$1.447 trillion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$1.29 trillion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2013
-$16.840 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2014
-$27.546 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2015
-$8.171 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2016
-$13.306 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2017
-$12.287 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2018
-$20.463 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2019
$15.993 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
-$53.042 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
$7.245 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
-$33.069 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
-$30.334 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
$12.382 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
0.923890 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
0.752945 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
0.752728 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
0.901296 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
0.903421 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
0.885206 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
0.846773 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
0.893276 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
0.875506 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
0.845494 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
0.949624 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
0.924840 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
0.923890 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
aircraft, cars, packaged medicine, gas turbines, vehicle parts/accessories (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$847.886 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$879.596 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$774.108 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$778.134 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$836.511 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$915.639 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$895.515 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$756.174 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$928.139 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$1.021 trillion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$1.05 trillion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$1.071 trillion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
34.3% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
23.1% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
53.4% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-36.3% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
23.1% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
0.1% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
1.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
17.5% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
70.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$62,557 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$3.162 trillion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$4.288 trillion (2024 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2015
32.7 (2015 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2016
31.9 (2016 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2017
31.6 (2017 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018
32.4 (2018 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019
31.2 (2019 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020
30.7 (2020 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
31.5 (2021 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
31.2 (2022 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023
31.8 (2023 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
24.6% (2022 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
3% (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
cars, natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, garments (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$761.084 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$776.983 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$786.690 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$856.502 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$942.517 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$913.209 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$801.836 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$964.104 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$1.092 trillion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$1.094 trillion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$1.074 trillion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
0.7% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
0.04% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
0.18% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
1.03% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
1.85% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
1.11% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
0.48% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
1.64% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
5.22% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
4.88% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
2.00% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
31.725 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
15.60% (2021 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2023
98.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$2.667 trillion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$2.722 trillion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$2.861 trillion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$2.976 trillion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$3.445 trillion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$3.345 trillion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$3.563 trillion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$3.655 trillion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$3.689 trillion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$3.732 trillion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
1.07% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
0.86% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
2.08% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
1.65% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
2.03% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-7.44% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
6.88% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
2.72% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
0.9% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
1.19% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$40,218 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$40,905 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$42,880 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$44,469 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$51,130 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$49,482 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$52,517 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$57,043 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$60,839 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2013
$26.940 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2014
$27.976 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2015
$25.448 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2020
$29.984 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
$32.647 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
1.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
1.2% of GDP (2024 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$138.199 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$145.866 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$156.322 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$166.483 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$189.006 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$224.236 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$244.280 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$242.416 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$240.792 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$282.857 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
23.1% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
8.41% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
8.01% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
7.87% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
7.30% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
7.33% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
7.40% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
16% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
17.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
16.6% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: consumption
12.57 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: exports
64,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
10.347 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: production
2.157 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: proven reserves
160 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: biomass and waste
2.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
7.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
10.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: nuclear
63.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: solar
4.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: tide and wave
0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: wind
10.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
415.542 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: exports
76.207 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
25.107 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
151.463 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
35.282 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
123.526 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
33.238 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: exports
13.584 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: imports
46.909 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
17.928 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
7.787 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Nuclear energy: Net capacity of operational nuclear reactors
61.37GW (2025 est.)
Energy: Nuclear energy: Number of nuclear reactors permanently shut down
14 (2025)
Energy: Nuclear energy: Number of operational nuclear reactors
57 (2025)
Energy: Nuclear energy: Percent of total electricity production
64.8% (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
61.719 million barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
1.536 million bbl/day (2024 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
80,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
25.355 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
69.025 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
209.4 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
303.779 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
metropolitan France: generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as the mistral
Environment: Environmental issues
air pollution and acid rain from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from urban wastes, agricultural runoff
Environment: Geoparks: global geoparks and regional networks
Armorique; Beaujolais; Causses du Quersey; Chablais; Haute-Provence; Luberon; Massif des Bauges; Monts d'Ardèche; Normandie-Maine (2024)
Environment: Geoparks: total global geoparks and regional networks
9 (2024)
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
52.5% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 31.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
32.7% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
15% (2023 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: agriculture
1,496.1 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: energy
232 kt (2022-2024 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: other
37.7 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: waste
550.9 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
211 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
2.515 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
16.641 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
5.271 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
78.80% (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
36.749 million tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
31.6% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly more than four times the size of Georgia; slightly less than the size of Texas
Geography: Area: land
640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France)
Geography: Area: water
3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France)
Geography: Coastline
4,853 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Mont Blanc 4,810
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Rhone River delta -2 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
375 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
metropolitan France: 46 00 N, 2 00 E French Guiana: 4 00 N, 53 00 W Guadeloupe: 16 15 N, 61 35 W Martinique: 14 40 N, 61 00 W Mayotte: 12 50 S, 45 10 E Reunion: 21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography: Geography - note
largest Western European nation; most major French rivers -- the Meuse, Seine, Loire, Charente, Dordogne, and Garonne -- flow northward or westward into the Atlantic Ocean, only the Rhone flows southward into the Mediterranean Sea
Geography: Irrigated land
14,236 sq km (2020)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Andorra 55 km; Belgium 556 km; Germany 418 km; Italy 476 km; Luxembourg 69 km; Monaco 6 km; Spain 646 km; Switzerland 525 km
Geography: Land boundaries: French Guiana - total
1205 km
Geography: Land boundaries: metropolitan France - total
2751 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
3,956 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
52.5% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 31.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
32.7% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
15% (2023 est.)
Geography: Major aquifers
Paris Basin
Geography: Major lakes (area sq km): fresh water lake(s)
Lake Geneva (shared with Switzerland) - 580 sq km
Geography: Major rivers (by length in km)
Rhin (Rhine) (shared with Switzerland [s], Germany, and Netherlands [m]) - 1,233 km; Loire - 1,012 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Geography: Major watersheds (area sq km): Atlantic Ocean drainage
Loire (115,282 sq km), Seine (78,919 sq km), Rhine-Maas (198,735 sq km), (Adriatic Sea) Po (76,997 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea) Rhone (100,543 sq km)
Geography: Map references
metropolitan France: Europe French Guiana: South America Guadeloupe: Central America and the Caribbean Martinique: Central America and the Caribbean Mayotte: Africa Reunion: World
Geography: Maritime claims: contiguous zone
24 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: continental shelf
200m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone
200 nm (does not apply to the Mediterranean Sea)
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones); flooding volcanism: Montagne Pelée (1,394 m) on the island of Martinique in the Caribbean is the most active volcano of the Lesser Antilles arc, although it last erupted in 1932; a catastrophic eruption in 1902 destroyed the city of St. Pierre, killing an estimated 30,000 people; La Soufrière (1,467 m) on the island of Guadeloupe has also had explosive eruptions in recent years
Geography: Population distribution
much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast; although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second
Geography: Terrain
metropolitan France: mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east French Guiana: low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains Guadeloupe: Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grande-Terre is low limestone formation; most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin Martinique: mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano Mayotte: generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks Reunion: mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Government: Administrative divisions
18 regions ( régions , singular - région ); Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Bretagne (Brittany), Centre-Val de Loire (Center-Loire Valley), Corse (Corsica), Grand Est (Grand East), Guadeloupe, Guyane (French Guiana), Hauts-de-France (Upper France), Ile-de-France, Martinique, Mayotte, Normandie (Normandy), Nouvelle-Aquitaine (New Aquitaine), Occitanie (Occitania), Pays de la Loire (Lands of the Loire), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Réunion
Government: Capital: daylight saving time
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Government: Capital: etymology
name derives from the Parisii, a Celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 3rd century B.C.; the Celtic settlement became the Roman town of Lutetia Parisiorum (Lutetia of the Parisii); over subsequent centuries it became Parisium and then Paris
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
48 52 N, 2 20 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Capital: time zone note
applies to metropolitan France only; for its overseas regions the time difference is UTC-4 for Guadeloupe and Martinique, UTC-3 for French Guiana, UTC+3 for Mayotte, and UTC+4 for Reunion
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of France
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
yes
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
5 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed by the president of the republic (upon recommendation of the prime minister and Parliament) or by Parliament; proposals submitted by Parliament members require passage by both houses followed by approval in a referendum; passage of proposals submitted by the government can bypass a referendum if submitted by the president to Parliament and passed by at least three-fifths majority vote by Parliament’s National Assembly
Government: Constitution: history
many previous; latest effective 4 October 1958
Government: Country name: conventional short form
France
Government: Country name: etymology
derives from the Latin name Francia, meaning "Land of the Franks"; the Franks were a group of Germanic tribes located along the middle and lower Rhine River in the 3rd century A.D.; the origin of the tribal name is unclear but may come from the Old German word franka , meaning "brave," or from a personal name such as Francio or Francus
Government: Country name: local long form
République française
Government: Country name: local short form
France
Government: Dependent areas
Clipperton Island, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, New Caledonia, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futuna (8)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Charles KUSHNER (since 11 July 2025); note - also accredited to Monaco
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: consulate(s)
Bordeaux, Lyon, Rennes
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: consulate(s) general
Marseille, Strasbourg
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
Citizeninfo@state.gov https://fr.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
2 avenue Gabriel, 75008 Paris
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[33] (1) 42-66-97-83
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
9200 Paris Place, Washington DC 20521-9200
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[33] (1) 43-12-22-22, [33] (1) 42-66-97-83
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
4101 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Laurent BILI (since 19 April 2023)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
info@ambafrance-us.org https://franceintheus.org/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 944-6166
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 944-6000
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president at the suggestion of the prime minister
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2022: Emmanuel MACRON reelected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (LREM) 27.8%, Marine LE PEN (RN) 23.2%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (LFI) 22%, Eric ZEMMOUR (Reconquête) 7.1%, Valerie PECRESSE (LR) 4.8%, Yannick JADOT (EELV) 4.6%, other 10.6%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 58.5%, LE PEN 41.5% 2017: Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
April 2027
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Sébastien LECORNU (since 10 September 2025)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
10 April 2022, with a runoff held on 24 April 2022
Government: Flag
description: three equal vertical bands of blue (left side), white, and red history: known as the le tricolore (tricolor), the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution, when the traditional color of white was combined with the blue and red of the Paris militia; for the first four years of the flag's use (1790-94), the order of colors was reversed (red-white-blue)
Government: International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation (consists of the court president, 6 divisional presiding judges, 120 trial judges, and 70 deputy judges organized into 6 divisions -- 3 civil, 1 commercial, 1 labor, and 1 criminal); Constitutional Council (consists of 9 members)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Court of Cassation judges appointed by the president of the republic from nominations from the High Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the Court of Cassation and 15 appointed members; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council has 3 members appointed by the president of the republic and 3 each by the National Assembly and Senate presidents; members serve 9-year, non-renewable terms with one third of the membership renewed every 3 years
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
appellate courts or cours d'appel; regional courts or tribunaux judiciaires; first instance courts or tribunaux de proximité; administrative courts
Government: Legal system
civil law; review of administrative but not legislative acts
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: chamber name
National Assembly (Assemblée nationale)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: electoral system
plurality/majority
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: expected date of next election
June 2029
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: most recent election date
9/24/2023
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: number of seats
577 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: parties elected and seats per party
New Popular Front (NFP)/UG (178); Ensemble (presidential majority) (150); National Rally (RN) (125); The Republicans (LR) (39); Other (85)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: percentage of women in chamber
36.2%
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: term in office
5 years
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: chamber name
Senate (Sénat)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: expected date of next election
September 2026
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: most recent election date
6/30/2024 to 7/7/2024
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: number of seats
348 (all indirectly elected)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: percentage of women in chamber
37.1%
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: scope of elections
partial renewal
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: term in office
6 years
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
bicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament (Parlement)
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 1795, restored 1870; acquired its name when the National Guard of Marseille sang the song while marching into Paris in 1792 during the French Revolution; one of the most recognized anthems in the world
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Claude-Joseph ROUGET de Lisle
Government: National color(s)
blue, white, red
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Chartres Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Versailles (c); Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (c); Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (c); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay (c); Paris, Banks of the Seine (c); The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (c); Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (c); Amiens Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (c); Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (c); The Maison Carrée of Nîmes (c); Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (Corsica) (n); Megaliths of Carnac and of the shores of Morbihan (c)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
54 (46 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in New Caledonia and one site in French Polynesia
Government: National holiday
Fête de la Fédération, 14 July (1790)
Government: National symbol(s)
Gallic rooster, fleur-de-lis, Marianne (female personification of the country)
Government: Political parties
Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC Debout la France or DLF Democratic Movement or MoDem Ensemble or ENS (electoral coalition including RE, MoDem, Horizons, PRV, UDI) The Ecologists - the Greens or EELV French Communist Party or PCF Horizons La France Insoumise or FI Liberties, Independents, Overseas and Territories or LIOT Movement of Progressives or MDP National Rally or RN (formerly National Front or FN) New Democrats or LND (formerly Ecology Democracy Solidarity or EDS) New Popular Front or NFP (electoral coalition including FI, EELV, PS, PCF) Radical Party of the Left or PRV Reconquete or REC Renaissance or RE Résistons! Socialist Party or PS The Republicans or LR Union of Democrats and Independents or UDI Union of Far Right or UXD (electoral coalition of LR, RN)
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
France today is one of the most modern countries in the world and is a leader among European nations. It plays an influential global role as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, NATO, the G-7, the G-20, the EU, and other multilateral organizations. France rejoined NATO's integrated military command structure in 2009, reversing then President Charles DE GAULLE's 1966 decision to withdraw French forces from NATO. Since 1958, it has constructed a hybrid presidential-parliamentary governing system resistant to the instabilities experienced in earlier, more purely parliamentary administrations. In recent decades, its reconciliation and cooperation with Germany have proved central to the economic integration of Europe, including the introduction of a common currency, the euro, in January 1999. In the early 21st century, five French overseas entities -- French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion -- became French regions and were made part of France proper.
Military and Security: Military - note
the French military has a global footprint and a wide range of missions and responsibilities, to include protecting French territory, population, and interests, and fulfilling France’s commitments to NATO, European security, and international peacekeeping operations under the UN; it is the largest military in the EU and has a leading role in the EU security framework, as well as in NATO; in recent years, it has actively participated in coalition peacekeeping and other security operations in regions such as Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans, often in a lead role; the military regularly conducts large-scale exercises and participates in a variety of bi-lateral and multinational exercises; it also has a domestic security mission, including providing enhanced security at sensitive sites and large events and support during national crises or disasters, such as fighting forest fires; in recent years, defense responsibilities have expanded to include cyber and space domains in 2010, France and the UK signed a declaration on defense and security cooperation that included greater military interoperability and a Combined Joint Expeditionary Force (CJEF), a deployable, combined Anglo-French military force for use in a wide range of crisis scenarios, including high intensity operations, peacekeeping, disaster relief, and humanitarian assistance; the CJEF has no standing forces, but would be available at short notice for French-UK bilateral, NATO, EU, UN, or other operations (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
French Armed Forces (Forces Armées Françaises): Army (l'Armee de Terre; includes Foreign Legion), Navy (Marine Nationale), Air and Space Force (l'Armee de l’Air et de l’Espace); includes Air Defense), National Guard (Garde Nationale), National Gendarmerie (Gendarmerie Nationale) (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 200,000 active duty Armed Forces; approximately 150,000 National Gendarmerie; approximately 80,000 National Guard (2025)
Military and Security: Military deployments
France typically has up to 30,000 total air, ground, and naval forces deployed on permanent or temporary foreign missions; up to 10,000 are permanently deployed, including Djibouti (1,500); French Guyana (2,600); French Polynesia (1,000); French West Indies (1,000); Reunion Island (2,100); UAE (800) other non-permanent deployments include military missions under NATO, the EU, and the UN, as well as some unilateral operations, in such places as Europe, Africa, and the Middle East and adjacent waters (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the French military's inventory consists mostly of domestically produced weapons systems, including some jointly produced with other European countries; there is a smaller mix of armaments from other Western countries, particularly the US; France has a large and sophisticated defense industry capable of manufacturing the full spectrum of air, land, and naval military weapons systems (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
1.87% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
1.85% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
1.85% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
1.85% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
1.85% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
2.02% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.98% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.96% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.95% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
2.05% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2025
2.1% of GDP (2025 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
generally 17-30 years of age for both men and women with some variations by service, position, and enlisted versus officer; 17-40 for National Gendarmerie; basic service contract is for 12 months; no conscription (abolished 2001) (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
17.3% (male 6,060,087/female 5,792,805)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
60.7% (male 20,875,861/female 20,615,847)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
22% (2024 est.) (male 6,621,146/female 8,408,845)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
2.52 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
2.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
11.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
6.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
10.88 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
11.54% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
54.9% (2020 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
9.91 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
36.8 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
2.7 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
65.2 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
28.4 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
9.1% national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditures
5.32% (2022 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African (Algerian, Moroccan, Tunisian), Indochinese, Basque minorities
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
0.93 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
12.3% of GDP (2021)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
15.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
0.30% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
5.7 beds/1,000 population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
2.8 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
3.4 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
3.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
French (official) 100%, declining regional dialects and languages (Provençal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish, Occitan, Picard)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
85.9 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
80.2 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
11.208 million PARIS (capital), 1.761 million Lyon, 1.628 million Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, 1.079 million Lille, 1.060 million Toulouse, 1.000 million Bordeaux (2023)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
7 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
44.2 years
People and Society: Median age: male
41 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
28.9 years (2020 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
French
People and Society: Net migration rate
1.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
21.6% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
3.28 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
People and Society: Population
68,551,653 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast; although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second
People and Society: Population growth rate
0.2% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
34,885,167
People and Society: Population: male
33,627,639
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
17 years (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
16 years (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
16 years (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
1.01 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.79 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
27.3% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
30.7% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
28.9% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
1.61 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
78.80% (2024 est.)
Space: Key space-program milestones
early 1960s - began rocket program and launched animals into space 1965 - launched first domestically produced satellite (Asterix) into space on a French Diamant rocket (third country to do so after the Soviet Union and US) 1973 - began development of Ariane heavy-lift satellite launch vehicle (SLV) along with other European states, particularly Germany and the UK; Ariane would become the ESA's SLV 1970s-1990s - development of a space plane/shuttle program (Hermes) 1982 - first French astronaut into space on a Soviet rocket 1986 - launched first joint European Earth observation/remote sensing program (SPOT) 2018 - launched project (Spaceship FR) to lay the groundwork for robotic and crewed missions to the Moon and Mars 2024 - debut launch of Ariane-6 SLV; claimed world's first satellite to ground communications via laser
Space: Space agency/agencies
National Center for Space Studies (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, CNES; established 1961) (2025)
Space: Space launch site(s)
Guiana Space Center (Kourou, French Guiana; also serves as the spaceport for the ESA); note – prior to the completion of the Guiana Space Center in 1969, France launched rockets from Algeria (2025)
Space: Space program overview
has one of Europe’s largest space programs and is one of the top contributors to the ESA; has independent capabilities in all areas, except for autonomous manned space flight; can build, launch, and operate a range of space/satellite launch vehicles (SLVs) and spacecraft, including exploratory probes and a full spectrum of satellites; shifted astronaut training to ESA in 2001; hosts the ESA headquarters and its space launch facility; participates in international space programs such as the Square Kilometer Array radio telescope and International Space Station; works with a broad range of space agencies and commercial space companies, including those of China, Egypt, individual ESA and EU member countries, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Russia, the UAE, the US, and several African countries; has a large commercial space sector involved in satellite construction and payloads, launch capabilities, and a range of other space-related capabilities and technologies (2025)
Terrorism: Terrorist group(s)
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); al-Qa'ida
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
59 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
810,325 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
2,634 (2024 est.)
Transportation: Airports
1,218 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
F
Transportation: Heliports
405 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
container ship 32, general cargo 48, oil tanker 25, other 448
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
553 (2023)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Bayonne, Bordeaux, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Dunkerque Port Est, Dunkerque Port Ouest, La Pallice, La Rochelle, Les Sables d'Olonne, Lorient, Montoir, Nantes, Le Havre, Rouen, Rade de Brest, Rade de Cherbourg, Rochefort, St. Nazaire, Toulon
Transportation: Ports: large
6
Transportation: Ports: medium
12
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
31
Transportation: Ports: small
22
Transportation: Ports: total ports
66 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
26
Transportation: Railways: narrow gauge
-5 km
Transportation: Railways: total
27,860 km (2020) 16,660 km electrified
Transportation: Transportation - note
begun in 1988 and completed in 1994, the Channel Tunnel (nicknamed the Chunnel) is a 50.5-km (31.4-mi) rail tunnel under the English Channel at the Strait of Dover; it runs from Folkestone, Kent, in England to Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, in northern France and is the only fixed link between the island of Great Britain and mainland Europe
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.