Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
(2022 est.) less than 1
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
2,000 (2022 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
the state maintains control of broadcast media; 1 state-owned TV station, 1 private TV station owned by the president's eldest son, 1 state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by the president's eldest son; satellite TV service is available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are generally accessible (2019)
Communications: Internet country code
.gq
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
63.30% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
1 (2022 est.) less than 1
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
11,000 (2022 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
50 (2022 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
893,441 (2022 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
sweet potatoes, cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, root vegetables, bananas, coconuts, coffee, cocoa beans, chicken (2023)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$2.051 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$3.62 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
606.345 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
493.900 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
493.757 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
591.212 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
592.606 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
580.657 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
555.446 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
585.911 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
575.586 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
554.531 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
623.760 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
606.570 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
606.345 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, natural gas, alcohols, wood, scrap iron (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$16.038 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$14.357 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$7.471 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$5.779 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$7.182 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$7.808 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$5.811 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$4.041 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$5.513 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$7.25 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$4.516 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$4.489 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
35.2% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
28.3% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
52.9% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-25.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
9.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
-0.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
3.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
45.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
51.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$17,567 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$12.766 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$33.245 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
38.5 (2022 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
29.1% (2022 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
2.6% (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
ships, poultry, plastic products, beer, valves (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$9.611 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$5.567 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$4.630 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$5.315 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$5.767 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$4.972 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$3.669 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$3.889 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$3.948 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$3.065 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$3.24 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
0.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
1.68% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
1.41% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
0.74% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
1.06% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
1.53% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
4.77% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
-0.10% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
4.79% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.86% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
2.92% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
715,000 (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
50.70% (2022 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2016
43.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$38.044 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$28.321 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$25.111 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$28.802 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$27.477 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$23.476 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$29.585 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$30.539 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$28.985 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$29.248 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
-9.11% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
-8.82% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
-5.67% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
-6.24% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
-5.48% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-4.79% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
0.86% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
3.22% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
-5.09% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
0.91% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$27,177 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$19,479 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$16,649 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$18,435 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$16,451 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$13,677 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$16,821 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$18,140 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$17,412 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
0% of GDP (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
0% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
0% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$1.205 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$62.3 million (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$45.5 million (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$48.9 million (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$40.8 million (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$60.8 million (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$44.271 million (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$1.458 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$1.538 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$1.077 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
6.6% (of GDP) (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
7.92% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
8.62% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
8.82% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
8.33% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
8.22% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
8.29% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
15.7% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
13.9% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
14.7% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
8 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - rural areas
1.4%
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
67% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - urban areas
89.8%
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
68.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
31.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
1.402 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
349,000 kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
170.527 million kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
54.509 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
2.332 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: exports
3.63 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
6.013 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
139.007 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
1.1 billion barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
6,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
98,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
1 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
4.575 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
896,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
5.471 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
tropical; always hot, humid
Environment: Environmental issues
deforestation (agricultural expansion, fires, and grazing); desertification; water pollution; tap water non-potable; wildlife preservation
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
3.7% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.7% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
86.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
9.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: agriculture
0.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: energy
129.8 kt (2022-2024 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: other
2.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: waste
10 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
26.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
26 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
1 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
15.8 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
71.36% (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
198,400 tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
23.9% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly smaller than Maryland
Geography: Area: land
28,051 sq km
Geography: Area: water
0 sq km
Geography: Coastline
296 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Pico Basile 3,008 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
577 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
2 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography: Geography - note
insular and continental regions widely separated; despite its name, no part of the equator passes through Equatorial Guinea -- the mainland part of the country is located just north of the equator
Geography: Irrigated land
NA
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Cameroon 183 km; Gabon 345 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
528 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
3.7% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.7% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
86.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
9.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Map references
Africa
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
violent windstorms; flash floods volcanism: Santa Isabel (3,007 m), which last erupted in 1923, is the country's only historically active volcano; Santa Isabel and two dormant volcanoes form Bioko Island in the Gulf of Guinea
Geography: Population distribution
the two large cities are Bata on the mainland and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko; small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands, as shown in this population distribution map
Geography: Terrain
coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Government: Administrative divisions
8 provinces ( provincias , singular - provincia ); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Djibloho, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
Government: Capital: etymology
English settlers who founded the city in 1827 named it Port Clarence after the Duke of CLARENCE; the Spanish renamed it Santa Isabel in 1843, for Queen ISABELLA II of Spain; it was renamed again in 1973 after King MALABO (1837–1937), the last king of the Bubi (local ethnic group)
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
3 45 N, 8 47 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Equatorial Guinea
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
no
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
10 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed by the president of the republic or supported by three fourths of the membership in either house of the National Assembly; passage requires three-fourths majority vote by both houses of the Assembly and approval in a referendum if requested by the president
Government: Constitution: history
previous 1968, 1973, 1982; approved by referendum 17 November 1991
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Equatorial Guinea
Government: Country name: etymology
the country is named for the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea and stretches north to the Sahel; the "equatorial" refers to the fact that the country lies just north of the Equator
Government: Country name: former
Spanish Guinea
Government: Country name: local long form
Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/ République de Guinée équatoriale (French)
Government: Country name: local short form
Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/Guinée équatoriale (French)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador David R. GILMOUR (since 24 May 2022)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
Malaboconsular@state.gov https://gq.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
Malabo II Highway (between the Headquarters of Sonagas and the offices of the United Nations), Malabo
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
2320 Malabo Place, Washington, DC 20521-2520
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[240] 333 09-57-41
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Dr. Crisantos OBAMA ONDO (since 27 February 2024)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
Houston
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
info@egembassydc.com https://www.egembassydc.com/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 518-5252
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 518-5700
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2022: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 95%, other 6.1% 2016: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5%
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
2029
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Prime Minister Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua (since 17 August 2024)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
20 November 2022
Government: Flag
description: three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based on the left side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six six-pointed yellow stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield with a silk-cotton tree; below is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice) meaning: green stands for the jungle and natural resources, blue for the sea, white for peace, and red for the fight for independence
Government: International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, Francophonie, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the President of the Supreme Court and nine judges organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Supreme Court judges appointed by the president for five-year terms; Constitutional Court members appointed by the president, 2 of whom are nominated by the Chamber of Deputies
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Court of Guarantees; military courts; Courts of Appeal; first instance tribunals; district and county tribunals
Government: Legal system
mixed system of civil and customary law
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: chamber name
Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de los Diputados)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: expected date of next election
November 2027
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: most recent election date
11/20/2022
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: number of seats
100 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: parties elected and seats per party
Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) and its allies (100)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: percentage of women in chamber
31%
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: term in office
5 years
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: chamber name
Senate (Senado)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: expected date of next election
November 2027
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: most recent election date
11/20/2022
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: number of seats
70 (55 directly elected; 15 appointed)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: parties elected and seats per party
Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) and its allies (55)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: percentage of women in chamber
25%
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: term in office
5 years
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
bicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament (Parlamento)
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 1968
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO/Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO or Ramiro Sanchez LOPEZ (disputed)
Government: National coat of arms
the national symbol, the silk cotton tree, is in the center of the coat of arms; the tree represents the location where the first treaty was signed between local rulers and the Portuguese; the stars above the tree symbolize the mainland and the five offshore islands; a ribbon below the shield displays the national motto, “Unidad, Paz, Justicia” (Unity, Peace, Justice)
Government: National color(s)
green, white, red, blue
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
Government: National symbol(s)
silk cotton tree
Government: Political parties
Center Right Union or UCD Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE Liberal Democratic Convention or CLD Liberal Party or PL National Congress of Equatorial Guinea (CNGE) National Democratic Party (PNDGE) National Democratic Union or UDENA National Union for Democracy PUNDGE Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE Popular Union or UP Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP Social and Popular Convergence Party or CSDP Social Democratic Coalition Party (PCSD) Social Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea or PSDGE Social Democratic Union or UDS Socialist Party of Equatorial Guinea
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
Equatorial Guinea consists of a continental territory and five inhabited islands; it is one of the smallest countries by area and population in Africa. The mainland region was most likely predominantly inhabited by Pygmy ethnic groups prior to the migration of various Bantu-speaking ethnic groups around the second millennium BC. The island of Bioko, the largest of Equatorial Guinea’s five inhabited islands and the location of the country’s capital of Malabo, has been occupied since at least 1000 B.C. In the early 1470s, Portuguese explorers landed on Bioko Island, and Portugal soon after established control of the island and other areas of modern Equatorial Guinea. In 1778, Portugal ceded its colonial hold over present-day Equatorial Guinea to Spain in the Treaty of El Pardo. The borders of modern-day Equatorial Guinea would evolve between 1778 and 1968 as the area remained under European colonial rule. In 1968, Equatorial Guinea was granted independence from Spain and elected Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA as its first president. MACIAS consolidated power soon after his election and ruled brutally for over a decade. Under his regime, Equatorial Guinea experienced mass suppression, purges, and killings. Some estimates indicate that a third of the population either went into exile or was killed under MACIAS’ rule. In 1979, present-day President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo, then a senior military officer, deposed MACIAS in a violent coup. OBIANG has ruled since and has been elected in non-competitive contests several times, most recently in 2022. The president exerts near-total control over the political system. Equatorial Guinea experienced rapid economic growth in the early years of the 21st century due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves in 1996. Production peaked in 2004 and has declined since. The country's economic windfall from oil production resulted in massive increases in government revenue, a significant portion of which was earmarked for infrastructure development. Systemic corruption, however, has hindered socio-economic development, and the population has seen only limited improvements to living standards. Equatorial Guinea continues to seek to diversify its economy, increase foreign investment, and assume a greater role in regional and international affairs. 
Military and Security: Military - note
the Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea (FAGE) are responsible for defending the territory and sovereignty of the country; the FAGE also has some internal security duties, including fulfilling some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas; maritime security, particularly protecting offshore oil installations and combating piracy and crime in the Gulf of Guinea, is a key priority (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
estimated 2,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the FAGE is armed with mostly older (typically Soviet-era) and secondhand weapons systems; in recent years, it has sought to modernize its naval inventory with purchases of vessels from several countries, including Bulgaria and Israel; China and Russia have also supplied some equipment to the FAGE (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
1.04% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
1.24% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
1.13% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
1.14% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
1.31% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
1.64% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.35% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.30% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.52% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
0.98% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
18-25 for voluntary military service; selective compulsory military service for men; 24-month service obligation (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
35.6% (male 330,636/female 309,528)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
59.4% (male 585,139/female 481,121)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
5% (2024 est.) (male 46,610/female 42,800)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
3.83 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0.05 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
0.99 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
6.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
1.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
28.55 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
3.50% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
8.81 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
8.4 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
11.9 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
68.4 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
60 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Fang 78.1%, Bubi 9.4%, Ndowe 2.8%, Nanguedambo 2.7%, Bisio 0.9%, foreigner 5.3%, other 0.7%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
1.99 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
3.4% of GDP (2021)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
4.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
2.1 beds/1,000 population (2010 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
71.3 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
83.3 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
76.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
65.9 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
62.2 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
297,000 MALABO (capital) (2018)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
174 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
21.5 years
People and Society: Median age: male
22.7 years
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
People and Society: Net migration rate
11.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
8% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
0.15 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
People and Society: Population
1,892,516 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
the two large cities are Bata on the mainland and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko; small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands, as shown in this population distribution map
People and Society: Population growth rate
2.40% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
833,449
People and Society: Population: male
962,385
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.07 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
1.22 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
1.09 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.03 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
1.16 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
4.12 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
71.36% (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
5 (2024 est.)
Transportation: Airports
7 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
3C
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
bulk carrier 1, general cargo 16, oil tanker 7, other 29
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
53 (2023)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Bata, Ceiba Terminal, Cogo, Luba, Malabo, Punta Europa Terminal, Serpentina Terminal
Transportation: Ports: large
0
Transportation: Ports: medium
0
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
6
Transportation: Ports: small
1
Transportation: Ports: total ports
7 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
6
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.