Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
39 (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
357,000 (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
mix of state and privately run TV and radio; the public broadcaster operates 2 TV channels and 4 radio stations; 6 private TV broadcasters, satellite and cable TV services (including from Greece and Turkey), and a number of private radio stations; in areas administered by Turkish Cypriots, there are 2 public TV stations, 4 public radio stations, 7 privately owned TV stations and 21 privately owned radio stations, 6 radio and 4 TV channels at local universities, 1 military radio station, and 1 radio station for civil defense cooperation, as well as relay stations from Turkey (2019)
Communications: Internet country code
.cy
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
89.60% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
25 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
245,000 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
156 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
1.51 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
milk, potatoes, sheep milk, pork, goat milk, wheat, chicken, olives, grapes, barley (2023)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$13.733 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$14.39 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2013
-$360.2 million (2013 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2014
-$946.7 million (2014 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2015
-$48.6 million (2015 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2016
-$814.5 million (2016 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2017
-$1.127 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2018
-$963.5 million (2018 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2019
-$1.447 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
-$2.480 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
-$1.691 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
-$2.178 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
-$3.831 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
-$3.05 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
0.923890 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
0.752945 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
0.752728 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
0.901296 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
0.903421 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
0.885206 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
0.846773 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
0.893276 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
0.875506 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
0.845494 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
0.949624 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
0.924840 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
0.923890 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, packaged medicine, cheese, scented mixtures (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$14.776 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$15.318 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$13.940 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$14.834 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$16.943 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$19.190 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$19.846 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$20.354 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$27.566 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$32.563 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$32.922 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$35.12 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
96.7% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
18.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
58.9% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-93.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
20.5% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
-1.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
1.2% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
10.3% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
76.9% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$63,007 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$36.333 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$61.313 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2015
34.0 (2015 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2016
32.9 (2016 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2017
31.4 (2017 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018
32.7 (2018 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019
31.2 (2019 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020
31.7 (2020 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
31.3 (2021 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
31.5 (2022 est.)
Economy: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023
31.8 (2023 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%
26.2% (2022 est.)
Economy: Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%
3.6% (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, ships, cars, packaged medicine, coal tar oil (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$15.110 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$13.391 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$14.425 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$17.021 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$18.829 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$19.581 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$20.705 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$26.142 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$31.486 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$32.556 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$33.802 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
4.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
-2.10% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
-1.43% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
0.53% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
1.44% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
0.25% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
-0.64% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
2.45% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
8.40% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
3.54% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
1.80% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
772,300 (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
13.90% (2021 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2017
97.5% of GDP (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$25.721 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$27.059 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$30.553 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$33.018 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$39.791 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$38.672 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$43.923 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$47.085 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$48.386 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$50.055 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
3.42% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
6.57% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
5.75% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
6.27% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
5.88% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-3.22% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
11.40% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
8.27% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
3.62% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
3.94% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$29,893 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$31,380 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$35,247 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$37,768 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$44,394 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$42,569 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$47,633 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$55,876 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$59,875 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2013
$431.0 million (2013 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2014
$323.1 million (2014 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2015
$313.7 million (2015 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2020
$567.6 million (2020 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
2.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
1.7% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
1.8% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
$677.0 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$807.9 million (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$812.5 million (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$887.7 million (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$924.2 million (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$1.033 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$1.237 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$1.611 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$1.671 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$1.789 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$2.088 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
24.1% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
7.16% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
7.75% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
7.51% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
6.81% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
5.83% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
4.90% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
13.7% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
17.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
15.6% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: consumption
46,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: exports
71.6 metric tons (2022 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
22,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: biomass and waste
1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
79.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: solar
16% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: wind
3.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
5.197 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
2.288 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
146.11 million kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
107.188 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
45,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
100,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
6.737 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
6.837 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
Environment: Environmental issues
scarce water resources; salination; water pollution from sewage, industrial wastes, and pesticides; coastal degradation; erosion; loss of wildlife habitats from urbanization
Environment: Geoparks: global geoparks and regional networks
Troodos (2023)
Environment: Geoparks: total global geoparks and regional networks
1
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
14% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 10.6% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
18.6% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
67.1% (2023 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
14.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
780 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
177 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
17 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
112 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
66.68% (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
769,500 tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
17.6% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
about 0.6 times the size of Connecticut
Geography: Area: land
9,241 sq km
Geography: Area: water
10 sq km
Geography: Coastline
648 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Mount Olympus 1,951 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
91 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
35 00 N, 33 00 E
Geography: Geography - note
the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and Sardinia)
Geography: Irrigated land
269 sq km (2020)
Geography: Land boundaries: border sovereign base areas
Akrotiri 48 km; Dhekelia 108 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
156 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
14% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 10.6% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
18.6% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
67.1% (2023 est.)
Geography: Map references
Middle East
Geography: Maritime claims: contiguous zone
24 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: continental shelf
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
moderate earthquake activity; droughts
Geography: Population distribution
population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca
Geography: Terrain
central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered but significant plains along southern coast
Government: Administrative divisions
6 districts; Ammochostos (Famagusta; all but a small part located in the Turkish Cypriot community), Keryneia (Kyrenia; the only district located entirely in the Turkish Cypriot community), Larnaka (Larnaca; with a small part located in the Turkish Cypriot community), Lefkosia (Nicosia; a small part administered by Turkish Cypriots), Lemesos (Limassol), Pafos (Paphos)
Government: Capital: daylight saving time
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Government: Capital: etymology
may have been named after Nike, the Greek goddess of victory; the Greek name for the city, Lefkosia, and the Turkish name, Lefkosa, both mean "White City"
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
35 10 N, 33 22 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Cyprus
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
yes
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
7 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
constitution of the Republic of Cyprus -- proposed by the House of Representatives; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership of the "Greek Community" and the "Turkish Community"; however, all seats of Turkish Cypriot members have remained vacant since 1964 constitution of the “Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus” -- proposed by at least 10 members of the "Assembly of the Republic"; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total Assembly membership and approval by referendum
Government: Constitution: history
ratified 16 August 1960
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Cyprus
Government: Country name: etymology
the Greek name for the island is Kupros, which is probably derived from the Sumerian kabar , meaning "copper" or "bronze;" copper mines were located on the island in antiquity
Government: Country name: local long form
Kypriaki Dimokratia (Greek)/ Kibris Cumhuriyeti (Turkish)
Government: Country name: local short form
Kypros (Greek)/ Kibris (Turkish)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Julie Davis FISHER (since 21 February 2023); note - Ambassador FISHER is temporarily assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine as Chargé d’ Affaires ad interim; she remains fully accredited in Cyprus
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
ACSNicosia@state.gov https://cy.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
Metochiou and Ploutarchou Street, 2407, Engomi, Nicosia
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[357] (22) 780944
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
5450 Nicosia Place, Washington DC 20521-5450
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[357] (22) 393939
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
2211 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Evangelos SAVVA (since 15 September 2023)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
New York
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
info@cyprusembassy.net https://www.cyprusembassy.net/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 483-6710
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: honorary consulate(s)
Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Kirkland (WA), Los Angeles, New Orleans, San Francisco
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 462-5772
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2023: Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (independent) 32%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS (independent) 29.6%, Averof NEOFYTOU (DISY) 26.1%, Christos CHRISTOU (ELAM) 6%, other 6.3%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDS 52%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS 48% 2018: Nikos ANASTASIADIS reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS (DISY) 35.5%, Stavros MALAS (AKEL) 30.2%, Nicolas PAPADOPOULOS (DIKO) 25.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS 56%, Stavros MALAS 44%
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms)
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
2028
Government: Executive branch: head of government
President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
5 February 2023, with a runoff on 12 February 2023
Government: Flag
description: a copper-colored silhouette of the island is centered on a white field above two crossed green olive branches meaning: the olive branches symbolize hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greek and Turkish communities
Government: International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court of Cyprus (consists of 13 judges, including the court president)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Republic of Cyprus Supreme Court judges appointed by the president of the republic on the recommendation of the Supreme Court judges; judges can serve until age 68; "TRNC Supreme Court" judges appointed by the "Supreme Council of Judicature," a 12-member body of judges, the attorney general, appointees by the president of the "TRNC," and by the "Legislative Assembly," and members elected by the bar association; judge tenure NA
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Republic of Cyprus district courts; Assize Courts; Administrative Court; specialized courts for issues relating to family, industrial disputes, the military, and rent control; "TRNC Assize Courts"; "TNRC district and family courts"
Government: Legal system
mixed system of English common law and civil law, with European law supremacy
Government: Legislative branch: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch: expected date of next election
May 2026
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
unicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
House of Representatives (Vouli Antiprosopon)
Government: Legislative branch: most recent election date
5/30/2021
Government: Legislative branch: number of seats
80 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch: parties elected and seats per party
Democratic Rally (DISY) (17); Progressive Party of the Working People (AKEL) (15); Democratic Party (DIKO) (9); National Popular Front (ELAM) (4); Movement of Social Democrats (EDEK) (4); Democratic Alignment (DIPA) (4); Cyprus Green Party (KOP) (3)
Government: Legislative branch: percentage of women in chamber
14.3%
Government: Legislative branch: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch: term in office
5 years
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 1966; Cyprus uses the Greek national anthem; the Turkish Cypriot community in Cyprus uses Turkey's national anthem
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Dionysios SOLOMOS/Nikolaos MANTZAROS
Government: National coat of arms
The coat of arms of Cyprus features a yellow shield representing the island’s copper deposits. A dove, one of the national symbols, holds an olive branch symbolizing peace, and olive branches encircle the shield. The year 1960 on the shield is the date of Cyprus’s independence from the United Kingdom.
Government: National color(s)
blue, white
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Paphos; Painted Churches in the Troodos Region; Choirokoitia
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
3 (all cultural)
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 1 October (1960)
Government: National symbol(s)
Cypriot mouflon (wild sheep), white dove
Government: Political parties
area under government control: Democratic Front or DIPA Democratic Party or DIKO Democratic Rally or DISY Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Alliance Movement of Social Democrats EDEK National Popular Front or ELAM Progressive Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist Party) Solidarity Movement area administered by Turkish Cypriots: Communal Democracy Party or TDP Communal Liberation Party - New Forces or TKP-YG Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP Democratic Party or DP National Democratic Party or NDP National Unity Party or UBP New Cyprus Party or YKP People's Party or HP Rebirth Party or YDP Republican Turkish Party or CTP United Cyprus Party or BKP
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
A former British colony, Cyprus became independent in 1960 after years of resistance to British rule. Tensions between the Greek Cypriot majority and Turkish Cypriot minority came to a head in December 1963, when violence broke out in the capital of Nicosia. Despite the deployment of UN peacekeepers in 1964, sporadic intercommunal violence continued and forced most Turkish Cypriots into enclaves throughout the island. In 1974, a Greek Government-sponsored attempt to overthrow the elected president of Cyprus was met by military intervention from Turkey, which soon controlled more than a third of the island. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriot administered area declared itself the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC), but it is recognized only by Turkey. A UN-mediated agreement to reunite Cyprus, the Annan Plan, failed to win approval from both communities in 2004. The most recent round of reunification negotiations was suspended in 2017 after failure to achieve a breakthrough. The entire island joined the EU in 2004, although the EU acquis -- the body of common rights and obligations -- applies only to the areas under the internationally recognized government and is suspended in the TRNC. However, individual Turkish Cypriots able to document their eligibility for Republic of Cyprus citizenship have the same legal rights accorded to citizens of other EU states.
Military and Security: Military - note
established in 1964, the National Guard (EF) is responsible for ensuring Cyprus’s territorial integrity and sovereignty; its primary focus is Turkey, which invaded Cyprus in 1974 and maintains a large military presence in the unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; the majority of the force is deployed along the “Green Line” that separates the Greek Cypriots from the Turkish Cypriots; the EF also participates in some internal missions, such as providing assistance during natural disasters; Greece is its primary security partner and maintains a military presence on Cyprus; the EF has conducted training exercises with other militaries including France, Israel, and the US; since Cyprus joined the EU in 2004, the EF has actively participated in the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and has sent small numbers of personnel to some EU and missions; Cyprus is also part of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) has been deployed in Cyprus since 1964; its mandate includes supervising the de facto ceasefire that came into effect in August 1974 and maintaining a buffer zone between the lines of the Cypriot National Guard and of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot forces; UNFICYP has about 1,100 personnel assigned (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Cypriot National Guard (Ethniki Froura, EF): Army, Navy, Air Force (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 12-15,000 active Cypriot National Guard (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the National Guard's inventory includes a mix of armaments from a variety of suppliers, including Brazil, Israel, Russia, several European countries, and the US (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
1.65% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
1.40% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
1.57% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
1.75% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
1.77% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
1.90% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.78% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.72% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.65% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
1.65% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
all Cypriot men must complete 14 months of compulsory service upon reaching the age of 18; women may volunteer for 6 months of service at age 18; men and women may also enlist as contract soldiers up to age 42 (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
15.6% (male 105,533/female 100,099)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
70% (male 486,569/female 437,651)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
14.4% (2024 est.) (male 83,094/female 107,579)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
2.85 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
4.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
9.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
2.72 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
9.95 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
8.12% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
7.11 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
21.4 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
4.7 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
43.6 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
22.3 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
total: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
12.5% national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditures
4.74% (2022 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Greek 98.8%, other 1% (includes Maronite, Armenian, Turkish-Cypriot), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
0.73 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
9.4% of GDP (2021)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
18.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
2.1 beds/1,000 population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
6.4 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
9.7 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
7.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6% (2011 est.)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
83.8 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
79.8 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: total population
98.68% (2011 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
269,000 NICOSIA (capital) (2018)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
14 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
41 years
People and Society: Median age: male
38.2 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
30 years (2020 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Cypriot
People and Society: Net migration rate
6.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
21.8% (2016)
People and Society: People - note
demographic data for Cyprus represent the population of the government-controlled area and the area administered by Turkish Cypriots, unless otherwise indicated
People and Society: Physician density
3.56 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
People and Society: Population
1,358,282 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca
People and Society: Population growth rate
0.98% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
651,165
People and Society: Population: male
681,128
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 98.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
total: 99.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 1.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 0.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
17 years (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
16 years (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
16 years (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
1.11 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.77 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
1.05 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
22.2% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
44.1% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
33.1% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
1.38 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
66.68% (2024 est.)
Terrorism: Terrorist group(s)
Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
244,944 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
73,303 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
130 (2024 est.)
Transportation: Airports
14 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
5B
Transportation: Heliports
68 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
bulk carrier 243, container ship 154, general cargo 211, oil tanker 47, other 350
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
1,005 (2023)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Dhekelia, Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Xeros
Transportation: Ports: large
0
Transportation: Ports: medium
0
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
4
Transportation: Ports: small
3
Transportation: Ports: total ports
6 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
3
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.