Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
3 (2022 est.)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
510,000 (2022 est.) Slowly increase as focus is on mobile internet
Communications: Broadcast media
mix of state-owned, joint public-private, and privately owned broadcast media; 27 TV stations, with most operating on multiple channels, including 1 state-operated station with multiple locations and 11 stations either jointly operated or privately owned, some with several locations; multi-channel cable and satellite systems; 84 radio stations, including 1 state-owned broadcaster with multiple stations and a mix of public and private broadcasters; one international broadcaster is available, as well as one TV station that is jointly run by China and the Ministry of Interior; several TV and radio operators broadcast online only (often via Facebook) (2019)
Communications: Internet country code
.kh
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
68.48% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
(2024 est.) less than 1
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
29,100 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
116 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
20.5 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
cassava, rice, maize, sugarcane, vegetables, oil palm fruit, rubber, bananas, jute, pork (2023)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on alcohol and tobacco
1.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on food
40.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$8.285 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$7.076 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2013
-$1.296 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2014
-$1.444 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2015
-$1.598 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2016
-$1.734 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2017
-$1.807 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2018
-$2.896 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2019
-$2.935 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
-$348.2 million (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
-$10.893 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
-$7.582 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
$552.346 million (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
$222.108 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2022
$22.474 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2023
$8.019 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
4072.397 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
riels (KHR) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
4027.250 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
4037.500 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
4067.750 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
4058.695 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
4050.580 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
4051.167 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
4061.149 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
4092.783 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
4098.723 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
4102.038 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
4110.653 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
4072.397 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
garments, semiconductors, trunks and cases, footwear, gold (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$8.004 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$12.482 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$13.533 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$14.986 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$16.527 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$18.386 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$20.341 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$20.864 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$26.622 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$25.497 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$27.753 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$31.712 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
71.4% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
5.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
59.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-72.1% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
31.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
0.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
16.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
41.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
35.6% (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$7,967 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$46.353 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$140.526 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, fabric, gold, plastic products, synthetic fabric (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$8.254 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$15.986 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$17.600 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$19.039 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$20.871 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$22.118 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$21.651 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$27.158 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$34.759 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$29.421 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$34.329 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
9.5% (2024 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
1.22% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
3.02% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
2.91% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
2.46% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
1.94% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
2.94% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
2.92% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
5.34% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.13% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
0.81% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
9.904 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
17.70% (2012 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2021
28.03% (2021 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2022
27.49% (2022 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2023
50.34% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$63.401 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$69.268 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$75.271 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$81.172 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$101.426 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$99.390 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$105.674 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$111.095 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$116.658 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$123.676 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
7.21% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
7.91% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
8.08% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
8.78% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
7.94% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-3.56% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
3.09% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
5.13% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
5.01% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
5.98% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$4,118 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$4,434 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$4,748 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$5,050 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$6,154 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$5,942 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$6,226 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$6,919 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$7,431 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2013
$1.003 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2014
$1.103 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2015
$1.185 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2020
$2.588 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
$2.539 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
6.5% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
6.6% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
6.1% of GDP (2024 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$7.376 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$9.114 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$12.202 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$14.631 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$18.771 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$21.328 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$20.270 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$17.801 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$19.984 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$22.506 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Taxes and other revenues
12.2% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
0.12% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
0.17% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
0.40% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
0.24% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
0.26% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
0.25% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
0.9% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
0.7% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
0.8% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: consumption
4.39 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
4.36 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: production
27,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - rural areas
88%
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
92.3% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - urban areas
99%
Energy: Electricity generation sources: biomass and waste
0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
55.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
38.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: solar
5.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
16.998 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
5.096 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
3.673 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
1.882 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
15.664 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
77,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
8.026 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
10.753 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
18.779 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
Environment: Environmental issues
habitat and biodiversity loss from illegal logging and strip mining; destruction of mangrove swamps; soil erosion; limited access to potable water in rural areas; illegal fishing and overfishing; deforestation leading to sediment build-up in coastal ecosystems
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
Law of the Sea
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
34.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 23.3% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 3% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 8.5% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
39.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
25.8% (2023 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
18.4 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
476.1 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
2.053 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
33 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
98 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
3.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
25.6% of total population (2023)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
1.089 million tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
12.4% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
1.5 times the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oklahoma
Geography: Area: land
176,515 sq km
Geography: Area: water
4,520 sq km
Geography: Coastline
443 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Phnum Aoral 1,810 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Gulf of Thailand 0 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
126 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
13 00 N, 105 00 E
Geography: Geography - note
a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap (Southeast Asia's largest freshwater lake)
Geography: Irrigated land
3,540 sq km (2012)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Laos 555 km; Thailand 817 km; Vietnam 1158 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
2,530 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
34.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 23.3% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 3% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 8.5% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
39.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
25.8% (2023 est.)
Geography: Major lakes (area sq km): fresh water lake(s)
Tonle Sap - 2,700-16,000 sq km
Geography: Major rivers (by length in km)
Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Geography: Major watersheds (area sq km): Pacific Ocean drainage
Mekong (805,604 sq km)
Geography: Map references
Southeast Asia
Geography: Maritime claims: contiguous zone
24 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: continental shelf
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts
Geography: Population distribution
population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers
Geography: Terrain
mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
Government: Administrative divisions
24 provinces ( khett , singular and plural) and 1 municipality ( krong , singular and plural) provinces: Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kampot, Kandal, Kep, Koh Kong, Kratie, Mondolkiri, Oddar Meanchey, Pailin, Preah Sihanouk, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Pursat, Ratanakiri, Siem Reap, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng, Takeo, Tbong Khmum municipalities: Phnom Penh (Phnum Penh)
Government: Capital: etymology
the name means "mountain of plenty," from the Cambodian words phnom (mountain or hill) and penh (full)
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
11 33 N, 104 55 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Cambodia
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
yes
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
7 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed by the monarch, by the prime minister, or by the president of the National Assembly if supported by one fourth of the Assembly membership; passage requires two-thirds majority of the Assembly membership; constitutional articles on the multiparty democratic form of government and the monarchy cannot be amended
Government: Constitution: history
previous 1947; latest promulgated 21 September 1993
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Cambodia
Government: Country name: etymology
the name is derived from Kambu, a legendary ancestor of the Cambodian people
Government: Country name: former
Khmer Republic, Democratic Kampuchea, People's Republic of Kampuchea, State of Cambodia
Government: Country name: local long form
Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea (phonetic transliteration)
Government: Country name: local short form
Kampuchea
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Bridgette L. WALKER (since August 2024)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
ACSPhnomPenh@state.gov https://kh.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
#1, Street 96, Sangkat Wat Phnom, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[855] (23) 728-700
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
4540 Phnom Penh Place, Washington DC 20521-4540
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[855] (23) 728-000
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
4530 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Koy KUONG (since 11 June 2025)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
camemb.usa@mfaic.gov.kh https://www.embassyofcambodiadc.org/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 726-8381
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 726-7742
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
King Norodom SIHAMONI (since 29 October 2004)
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
monarch chosen by the 9-member Royal Council of the Throne from among all eligible males of royal descent; after legislative elections, a member of the majority party or majority coalition is named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the monarch
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Prime Minister HUN MANET (since 22 August 2023)
Government: Flag
description: three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double-width), and blue; a three-towered, stylized white temple outlined in black is in the center of the red band, representing Angkor Wat meaning: red and blue are traditional Cambodian colors
Government: International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Government: International organization participation
ADB, ARF, ASEAN, CICA, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Council (organized into 5- and 9-judge panels and includes a court chief and deputy chief); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Supreme Court and Constitutional Council judge candidates recommended by the Supreme Council of Magistracy, a 17-member body chaired by the monarch and includes other high-level judicial officers; judges of both courts appointed by the monarch; Supreme Court judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges appointed for 9-year terms with one third of the court renewed every 3 years
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
Appellate Court; provincial and municipal courts; Military Court
Government: Legal system
civil law system (influenced by the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia), customary law, Communist legal theory, and common law
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: chamber name
National Assembly (Radhsphea Ney Preah Recheanachakr Kampuchea)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: expected date of next election
July 2028
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: most recent election date
7/23/2023
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: number of seats
125 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: parties elected and seats per party
Cambodian People's Party (CPP) (120); United National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Co-operative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) (5)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: percentage of women in chamber
13.6%
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: term in office
5 years
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: chamber name
Senate
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: expected date of next election
February 2030
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: most recent election date
2/25/2024
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: number of seats
62 (60 indirectly elected; 2 appointed)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: percentage of women in chamber
19.4%
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: term in office
6 years
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
bicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 1941, restored 1993; the anthem, based on a Cambodian folk tune, was restored after the defeat of the Communist regime
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
CHUON NAT/F. PERRUCHOT and J. JEKYLL
Government: National coat of arms
Cambodia’s coat of arms is also the Royal Arms of Cambodia; the lions symbolize strength, courage, and the divine protection of the monarchs; the lion on the left is a gajasingha (a lion with an elephant’s trunk), and the lion on the right is a rajasingha (royal lion); both hold five-tiered umbrellas representing the king and queen, and they stand on a blue ribbon that says “ Preah Chao Krung Kampuche” ' (King of the Kingdom of Cambodia); between the lions is a crown with the Unalome, the Buddhist and Hindu symbol for the spiritual path to enlightenment, under it and a ray of light on top
Government: National color(s)
red, blue
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Angkor; Temple of Preah Vihear; Sambor Prei Kuk; Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapora or Chok Gargyar; Cambodian Memorial Sites: From centres of repression to places of peace and reflection (c)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
5 (all cultural)
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 9 November (1953)
Government: National symbol(s)
Angkor Wat temple, kouprey (wild ox)
Government: Political parties
Cambodian People's Party (CPP) United National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Co-operative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC)
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers, descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire, ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863, and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In 1975, after a seven-year struggle, communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution, forced hardships, or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off 13 years of internecine warfare in which a coalition of Khmer Rouge, Cambodian nationalists, and royalist insurgents, with assistance from China, fought the Vietnamese-backed People’s Republic of Kampuchea (PRK). The 1991 Paris Agreements ended the country’s civil war and mandated democratic elections, which took place in 1993 and ushered in a period of multi-party democracy with a constitutional monarchy. King Norodom SIHANOUK was reinstated as head of state, and the Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and the royalist FUNCINPEC party formed a coalition government. Nevertheless, the power-sharing arrangement proved fractious and fragile, and in 1997, a coup led by CPP leader and former PRK prime minister HUN SEN dissolved the coalition and sidelined FUNCINPEC. Despite further attempts at coalition governance, the CPP has since remained in power through elections criticized for lacking fairness, political and judicial corruption, media control, and influence over labor unions, all of which have been enforced with violence and intimidation. HUN SEN remained as prime minister until 2023, when he transferred power to his son, HUN MANET. HUN SEN has subsequently maintained considerable influence as the leader of the CPP and the Senate. The CPP has also placed limits on civil society, press freedom, and freedom of expression. Despite some economic growth and considerable investment from China over the past decade, Cambodia remains one of East Asia's poorest countries. The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in 1999. A UN-backed special tribunal established in Cambodia in 1997 tried some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders for crimes against humanity and genocide. The tribunal concluded in 2022 with three convictions.
Military and Security: Military - note
the primary responsibilities of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) are border, coastal, and internal security; key security partners include China and Vietnam; in July 2025, following months of rising tensions, the RCAF and the military forces of Thailand clashed in multiple locations along their disputed border; both sides blamed the other for provoking the five-day conflict, which included cross-border artillery shelling by both sides and air attacks by RTARF fighter aircraft and drones the RCAF was re-established in 1993 under the first coalition government from the merger of the Cambodian Government’s military forces (Cambodian People’s Armed Forces) and the two non-communist resistance forces (Sihanoukist National Army, aka National Army for Khmer Independence, and the Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces); thousands of communist Khmer Rouge fighters began surrendering by 1994 under a government amnesty program and the last of the Khmer Rouge forces (National Army of Democratic Kampuchea) were demobilized or absorbed into the RCAF in 1999 (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF): Royal Cambodian Army, Royal Khmer Navy, Royal Cambodian Air Force, Royal Gendarmerie (Military Police); National Committee for Maritime Security (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
information varies; estimated 200,000 Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)
Military and Security: Military deployments
340 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 180 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the RCAF is armed largely with older Chinese and Russian/Soviet origin armaments; in recent years it has received limited amounts of more modern equipment from several suppliers, particularly China (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
1.35% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
1.44% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
1.56% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
1.64% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
1.62% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
1.78% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
1.70% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
1.54% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
1.54% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
1.52% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
18 is the legal minimum age for military service for men and women (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
28.9% (male 2,497,056/female 2,436,618)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
65.8% (male 5,456,941/female 5,765,206)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
5.3% (2024 est.) (male 323,591/female 584,257)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
4.12 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
0.41 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
4.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
17.74 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Child marriage: men married by age 18
3.3% (2022)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 15
1.9% (2022)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 18
17.9% (2022)
People and Society: Children under the age of 5 years underweight
16.3% (2021 est.)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
4.62% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
67.2% (2022 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
5.62 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
8.4 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
11.9 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
51.2 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
42.9 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 72.8% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
total: 78% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 93.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 27.2% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 22% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 6.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
2.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
11.6% national budget (2025 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditures
2.18% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Khmer 95.4%, Cham 2.4%, Chinese 1.5%, other 0.7% (2019-20 est.)
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
1.05 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
7.5% of GDP (2021)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
7% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
0.50% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
0.7 beds/1,000 population (2018 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
24.4 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
31.3 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
27.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Khmer (official) 95.8%, minority languages 2.9%, Chinese 0.6%, Vietnamese 0.5%, other 0.2% (2019 est.)
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
សៀវភៅហេតុការណនៅលើពិភពលោក។ ទីតាំងពត៏មានមូលដានគ្រឹះយាងសំខាន់។. (Khmer) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
73.4 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
68.1 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: female
63.6% (2021 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: male
81.5% (2021 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: total population
71.93% (2021 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
2.281 million PHNOM PENH (capital) (2023)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
137 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
28.9 years
People and Society: Median age: male
26.9 years
People and Society: Mother's mean age at first birth
23.3 years (2021-22 est.)
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Cambodian
People and Society: Net migration rate
-2.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
3.9% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2019)
People and Society: Population
17,638,801 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers
People and Society: Population growth rate
1.23% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
8,868,109
People and Society: Population: male
8,362,224
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 79.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
total: 84.7% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 20.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 15.3% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
11 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
11 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
11 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.02 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
0.95 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.55 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.04 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
0.94 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
4.7% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
24.9% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
14.5% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
2.55 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
3.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
25.6% of total population (2023)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
2,526 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
28 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons
75,000 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Trafficking in persons: tier rating
Tier 3 — Cambodia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Cambodia remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/cambodia/
Transportation: Airports
12 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
XU
Transportation: Heliports
1 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
container ship 2, general cargo 123, oil tanker 18, other 52
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
195 (2023)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Kampong Saom, Phsar Ream
Transportation: Ports: large
0
Transportation: Ports: medium
1
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
1
Transportation: Ports: small
0
Transportation: Ports: total ports
2 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
1
Transportation: Railways: narrow gauge
642 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Transportation: Railways: total
642 km (2014)
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.