Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
12 (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total
5.54 million (2023 est.)
Communications: Broadcast media
Radio Algérienne is the state-run radio broadcast; the National Company of Television (Entreprise Nationale de Télévision (ENTV)) is the primary state-run public TV station (2024)
Communications: Internet country code
.dz
Communications: Internet users: percent of population
77.42% (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
15 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions
6.93 million (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
115 (2024 est.)
Communications: Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions
54.1 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Agricultural products
potatoes, watermelons, wheat, milk, onions, tomatoes, vegetables, oranges, dates, barley (2023)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on alcohol and tobacco
1% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Average household expenditures: on food
37.2% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Economy: Budget: expenditures
$64.728 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Budget: revenues
$55.185 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2013
$1.188 billion (2013 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2014
-$9.264 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2015
-$27.038 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2016
-$26.204 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2017
-$22.068 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2018
-$16.906 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2019
-$16.954 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2020
-$18.187 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2021
-$4.513 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2022
$19.433 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2023
$6.359 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Current account balance: Current account balance 2024
-$2.754 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2022
$7.129 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Debt - external: Debt - external 2023
$4.764 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates
134.053 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Currency
Algerian dinars (DZD) per US dollar -
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2013
79.3684 (2013 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2014
80.5790 (2014 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2015
100.691 (2015 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2016
109.443 (2016 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2017
110.973 (2017 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2018
116.594 (2018 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2019
119.354 (2019 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2020
126.777 (2020 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2021
135.064 (2021 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2022
141.995 (2022 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2023
135.843 (2023 est.)
Economy: Exchange rates: Exchange rates 2024
134.053 (2024 est.)
Economy: Exports - commodities
natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, fertilizers, iron bars (2023)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2011
$78.573 billion (2011 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2014
$65.995 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2015
$38.489 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2016
$33.417 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2017
$38.610 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2018
$45.571 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2019
$39.481 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2020
$25.613 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2021
$41.846 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2022
$69.226 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2023
$59.426 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Exports: Exports 2024
$53.467 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: exports of goods and services
23.6% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: government consumption
17.9% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption
40.8% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: imports of goods and services
-20.1% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in fixed capital
32.8% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by end use: investment in inventories
4.9% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture
13.1% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: industry
37.8% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: services
45.6% (2023 est.)
Economy: GDP - per capita (PPP)
$17,621 (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (official exchange rate)
$263.62 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: GDP (purchasing power parity) - real
$824.903 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Imports - commodities
wheat, plastics, cars, milk, corn (2023)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2010
$50.674 billion (2010 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2015
$61.266 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2016
$56.533 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2017
$55.990 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2018
$56.446 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2019
$50.491 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2020
$40.979 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2021
$44.287 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2022
$46.613 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2023
$51.131 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Imports: Imports 2024
$54.624 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Industrial production growth rate
3.9% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2015
4.78% (2015 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016
6.40% (2016 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017
5.59% (2017 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018
4.27% (2018 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019
1.95% (2019 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
2.42% (2020 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
7.23% (2021 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
9.27% (2022 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
9.32% (2023 est.)
Economy: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
4.05% (2024 est.)
Economy: Labor force
13.294 million (2024 est.)
Economy: Population below poverty line
5.50% (2011 est.)
Economy: Public debt: Public debt 2017
27.5% of GDP (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014
$576.084 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015
$552.564 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016
$548.946 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017
$562.537 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019
$601.471 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020
$558.300 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021
$648.896 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$672.256 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$699.818 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$722.912 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2015
3.20% (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2016
3.90% (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2017
1.50% (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2018
1.40% (2018 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2019
0.90% (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2020
-5.00% (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2021
3.80% (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022
3.60% (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2023
4.10% (2023 est.)
Economy: Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2024
3.70% (2024 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2014
$14,694 (2014 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2015
$13,807 (2015 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2016
$13,438 (2016 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2017
$13,494 (2017 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2019
$13,893 (2019 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2020
$12,677 (2020 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2021
$14,497 (2021 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022
$15,836 (2022 est.)
Economy: Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2023
$16,824 (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2013
$209.6 million (2013 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2014
$2.452 billion (2014 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2015
$1.997 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2020
$1.700 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2021
1% of GDP (2021 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2022
0.8% of GDP (2022 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2023
0.8% of GDP (2023 est.)
Economy: Remittances: Remittances 2024
$1.799 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2015
$150.595 billion (2015 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016
$120.788 billion (2016 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017
$104.853 billion (2017 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018
$87.383 billion (2018 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2019
$71.796 billion (2019 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020
$59.434 billion (2020 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$56.211 billion (2021 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$71.852 billion (2022 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$81.217 billion (2023 est.)
Economy: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$83.007 billion (2024 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2019
12.30% (2019 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2020
14.08% (2020 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2021
13.66% (2021 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2022
12.38% (2022 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2023
11.64% (2023 est.)
Economy: Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate 2024
11.65% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): female
45.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): male
26.8% (2024 est.)
Economy: Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total
29.8% (2024 est.)
Energy: Coal: consumption
3,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: imports
241,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Coal: proven reserves
223 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - rural areas
99.3%
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - total population
100% (2022 est.)
Energy: Electricity access: electrification - urban areas
100%
Energy: Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels
98.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: hydroelectricity
0.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity generation sources: solar
0.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: consumption
85.687 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: exports
2.753 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: imports
475.8 million kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: installed generating capacity
22.591 million kW (2023 est.)
Energy: Electricity: transmission/distribution losses
9.237 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Energy: Energy consumption per capita: Total energy consumption per capita 2023
61.843 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: consumption
52.831 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: exports
51.566 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: production
104.896 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Energy: Natural gas: proven reserves
4.504 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: crude oil estimated reserves
12.2 billion barrels (2021 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption
446,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Energy: Petroleum: total petroleum production
1.443 million bbl/day (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from coal and metallurgical coke
741,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from consumed natural gas
105.125 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: from petroleum and other liquids
57.795 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Carbon dioxide emissions: total emissions
163.661 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Environment: Climate
arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer
Environment: Environmental issues
air pollution in major cities; soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices; desertification; river and coastal pollution from dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes, and other industrial effluents; pollution in Mediterranean Sea from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff; inadequate potable water
Environment: International environmental agreements: party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
Environment: International environmental agreements: signed, but not ratified
Nuclear Test Ban
Environment: Land use: agricultural land
17.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 3.2% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 13.8% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: forest
0.7% (2023 est.)
Environment: Land use: other
81.9% (2023 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: agriculture
256 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: energy
2,561.1 kt (2022-2024 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: other
7.6 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Methane emissions: waste
486.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Environment: Particulate matter emissions
22.4 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Environment: Total renewable water resources
11.667 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: agricultural
7.391 billion cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: industrial
181 million cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Total water withdrawal: municipal
3.389 billion cubic meters (2022)
Environment: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Environment: Urbanization: urban population
75.28% (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually
12.379 million tons (2024 est.)
Environment: Waste and recycling: percent of municipal solid waste recycled
11% (2022 est.)
Geography: Area - comparative
slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas
Geography: Area: land
2,381,740 sq km
Geography: Area: water
0 sq km
Geography: Coastline
998 km
Geography: Elevation: highest point
Tahat 2,908 m
Geography: Elevation: lowest point
Chott Melrhir -40 m
Geography: Elevation: mean elevation
800 m
Geography: Geographic coordinates
28 00 N, 3 00 E
Geography: Geography - note
largest country in Africa but 80% desert; canyons and caves in the southern Hoggar Mountains and in the barren Tassili n'Ajjer area in the southeast of the country contain numerous examples of prehistoric art -- rock paintings and carvings depicting human activities and wild and domestic animals (elephants, giraffes, cattle) -- that date to the African Humid Period, roughly 5,000 to 11,000 years ago, when the region was completely vegetated
Geography: Irrigated land
13,819 sq km (2019)
Geography: Land boundaries: border countries
Libya 989 km; Mali 1,359 km; Mauritania 460 km; Morocco 1,941 km; Niger 951 km; Tunisia 1,034 km
Geography: Land boundaries: total
6,734 km
Geography: Land use: agricultural land
17.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 3.2% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 13.8% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: forest
0.7% (2023 est.)
Geography: Land use: other
81.9% (2023 est.)
Geography: Major aquifers
Lullemeden-Irhazer Aquifer System, Murzuk-Djado Basin, North Western Sahara Aquifer, Taoudeni-Tanezrouft Basin
Geography: Major watersheds (area sq km): Atlantic Ocean drainage
Niger (2,261,741 sq km)
Geography: Major watersheds (area sq km): Internal (endorheic basin) drainage
Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)
Geography: Map references
Africa
Geography: Maritime claims: contiguous zone
24 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone
32-52 nm
Geography: Maritime claims: territorial sea
12 nm
Geography: Natural hazards
mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season; droughts
Geography: Population distribution
the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast
Geography: Terrain
mostly high plateau and desert; Atlas Mountains in the far north and Hoggar Mountains in the south; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain
Government: Administrative divisions
58 provinces ( wilayas , singular - wilaya ); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger (Algiers), Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Beni Abbes, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Badji Mokhtar, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djanet, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Meghaier, El Meniaa, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, In Guezzam, In Salah, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Ouled Djellal, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanrasset, Tebessa, Tiaret, Timimoun, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen, Touggourt
Government: Capital: etymology
name derives from the Arabic al-jazair , meaning "the islands," and refers to the four islands formerly off the coast of the capital but joined to the mainland since 1525
Government: Capital: geographic coordinates
36 45 N, 3 03 E
Government: Capital: time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by birth
no
Government: Citizenship: citizenship by descent only
the mother must be a citizen of Algeria
Government: Citizenship: dual citizenship recognized
no
Government: Citizenship: residency requirement for naturalization
7 years
Government: Constitution: amendment process
proposed by the president of the republic or through the president with the support of three fourths of the members of both houses of Parliament in joint session; passage requires approval by both houses, approval by referendum, and promulgation by the president; the president can forego a referendum if the Constitutional Council determines the proposed amendment does not conflict with basic constitutional principles; articles including the republican form of government, the integrity and unity of the country, and fundamental citizens’ liberties and rights cannot be amended
Government: Constitution: history
several previous; latest approved by referendum 1 November 2020
Government: Country name: conventional short form
Algeria
Government: Country name: etymology
the country name derives from the capital city of Algiers
Government: Country name: local long form
Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyah
Government: Country name: local short form
Al Jaza'ir
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Elizabeth Moore AUBIN (since 9 February 2022)
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: email address and website
algierspd@state.gov https://dz.usembassy.gov/
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy
05 Chemin Cheikh Bachir, Ibrahimi, El-Biar 16030, Alger
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: FAX
[213] (0) 770-08-2299
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: mailing address
6030 Algiers Place, Washington DC 20521-6030
Government: Diplomatic representation from the US: telephone
[213] (0) 770-08-2000
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chancery
2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission
Ambassador Sabri BOUKADOUM (since 27 February 2024)
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general
New York
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: email address and website
mail@algerianembassy.org https://www.algerianembassy.org/
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: FAX
[1] (202) 986-5906
Government: Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone
[1] (202) 265-2800
Government: Executive branch: cabinet
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president
Government: Executive branch: chief of state
President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019)
Government: Executive branch: election results
2024: Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (NLF) 94.7%, Abdelaali Hassani CHERIF (MSP) 3.2%, Youcef AOUCHICHE (FFS) 2.2% 2019: (FLN) 58.1%, Abdelkader BENGRINA (El-Bina) 17.4%, Ali BENFLIS (Talaie El Hurriyet) 10.6%, Azzedine MIHOUBI (RND) 7.3%, Abdelaziz BELAID (Future Front) 6.7%
Government: Executive branch: election/appointment process
president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in two rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the president after consultation with the majority party in Parliament
Government: Executive branch: expected date of next election
2029
Government: Executive branch: head of government
Prime Minister Sifi GHRIEB (since 28 August 2025)
Government: Executive branch: most recent election date
7 September 2024
Government: Flag
description: two equal vertical bands of green (left) and white; a red, five-pointed star inside a red crescent, centered over the two-color boundary meaning: the colors represent Islam (green), purity and peace (white), and liberty (red); the crescent and star are also Islamic symbols, but the crescent is more closed than those of other Muslim countries because Algerians believe the long crescent horns bring happiness
Government: International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Government: International organization participation
ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BIS, CAEU, CD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Government: Judicial branch: highest court(s)
Supreme Court or Le Cour Suprême, (consists of 150 judges organized into 8 chambers: Civil, Commercial and Maritime, Criminal, House of Offenses and Contraventions, House of Petitions, Land, Personal Status, and Social; Constitutional Council (consists of 12 members including the court chairman and deputy chairman)
Government: Judicial branch: judge selection and term of office
Supreme Court judges appointed by the High Council of Magistracy, an administrative body presided over by the president of the republic, and includes the republic vice-president and several members; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council members - 4 appointed by the president of the republic, 2 each by the 2 houses of Parliament, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 2 by the Council of State; Council president and members appointed for single 6-year terms with half the membership renewed every 3 years
Government: Judicial branch: subordinate courts
appellate or wilaya courts; first instance or daira tribunals
Government: Legal system
mixed system of French civil law and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials including several Supreme Court justices
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: chamber name
National People's Assembly (Al-Majlis Al-Chaabi Al-Watani)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: electoral system
proportional representation
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: expected date of next election
June 2026
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: most recent election date
6/12/2021
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: number of seats
407 (all directly elected)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: parties elected and seats per party
National Liberation Front (FLN) (98); Movement of Society for Peace (MSP) (65); National Democratic Rally (RND) (58); El-Moustakbel Front (Future", FM) (48); El Binaa Movement (39); Independents (84); Other (15)
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: percentage of women in chamber
7.9%
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: scope of elections
full renewal
Government: Legislative branch - lower chamber: term in office
5 years
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: chamber name
Council of the Nation (Majlis al-Oumma)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: electoral system
plurality/majority
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: expected date of next election
January 2028
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: most recent election date
3/9/2025
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: number of seats
174 (116 indirectly elected; 58 appointed)
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: percentage of women in chamber
2.5%
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: scope of elections
partial renewal
Government: Legislative branch - upper chamber: term in office
6 years
Government: Legislative branch: legislative structure
bicameral
Government: Legislative branch: legislature name
Parliament (Barlaman)
Government: National anthem(s): history
adopted 1962; ZAKARIAH wrote "Kassaman" as a poem while imprisoned in Algiers by French colonial forces
Government: National anthem(s): lyrics/music
Mufdi ZAKARIAH/Mohamed FAWZI
Government: National color(s)
green, white, red
Government: National heritage: selected World Heritage Site locales
Beni Hammad Fort (c); Djémila (c); Casbah of Algiers (c); M'zab Valley (c); Tassili n'Ajjer (m); Timgad (c); Tipasa (c)
Government: National heritage: total World Heritage Sites
7 (6 cultural, 1 mixed)
Government: National holiday
Independence Day, 5 July (1962); Revolution Day, 1 November (1954)
Government: National symbol(s)
five-pointed star between the extended horns of a crescent moon; fennec fox
Government: Political parties
Algerian National Front or FNA Algerian Popular Movement or MPA Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ Dignity or El Karama El-Infitah El Mostakbal (Future Front) Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED Equity and Proclamation Party or PEP Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement Justice and Development Front or FJD Movement for National Reform or El Islah Movement of Society for Peace or MSP National Construction Movement or El-Bina (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND National Front for Social Justice or FNJS National Liberation Front or FLN National Militancy Front or FMN National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD National Republican Alliance or ANR New Dawn Party (El-Fajr El-Jadid) New Generation (Jil Jadid) Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 Party of Justice and Liberty or PLJ Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD Socialist Forces Front or FFS Union for Change and Progress or UCP Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS Vanguard of Liberties (Talaie El Hurriyet) Workers Party or PT Youth Party or PJ
Government: Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Introduction: Background
Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including the ancient Numidians (3rd century B.C.), Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, over a dozen different Arab and Amazigh dynasties, Spaniards, and Ottoman Turks. Under the Turks, the Barbary pirates operated from North Africa and preyed on shipping, from about 1500 until the French captured Algiers in 1830. The French southward conquest of Algeria proceeded throughout the 19th century and was marked by many atrocities. A bloody eight-year struggle culminated in Algerian independence in 1962. Algeria's long-dominant political party, the National Liberation Front (FLN), was established in 1954 as part of the struggle for independence and has since played a large role in politics, though it is falling out of favor with the youth and current President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE. The Government of Algeria in 1988 instituted a multi-party system in response to public unrest, but the surprising first-round success of the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) in the 1991 legislative election led the Algerian military to intervene and postpone the second round of elections to prevent what the secular elite feared would be an extremist-led government from assuming power. An army crackdown on the FIS escalated into an FIS insurgency and intense violence from 1992-98 that resulted in over 100,000 deaths, many of which were attributed to extremist groups massacring villagers. The government gained the upper hand by the late 1990s, and FIS’s armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army, disbanded in 2000. FIS membership is now illegal. In 1999, Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA won the presidency with the backing of the military, in an election that was boycotted by several candidates protesting alleged fraud. He won subsequent elections in 2004, 2009, and 2014. Widespread protests against his decision to seek a fifth term broke out in early 2019. BOUTEFLIKA resigned in April 2019, and in December 2019, Algerians elected former Prime Minister Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE as the country’s new president. A longtime FLN member, TEBBOUNE ran for president as an independent. In 2020, Algeria held a constitutional referendum on governmental reforms, which TEBBOUNE enacted in 2021. Subsequent reforms to the national electoral law introduced open-list voting to curb corruption. The new law also eliminated gender quotas in Parliament, and the 2021 legislative elections saw female representation plummet. The referendum, parliamentary elections, and local elections saw record-low voter turnout.
Military and Security: Military - note
the ANP is responsible for external defense but also has some internal security responsibilities; key areas of concern include border and maritime security, terrorism, regional instability, and tensions with Morocco; Algeria supports the pro-independence Polisario Front in Western Sahara and accuses Morocco of supporting the Algerian separatist Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie (MAK); border security and counterterrorism have received additional focus since the Arab Spring events of 2011 and the rise of terrorist threats emanating from Libya and the Sahel; the Army and Ministry of Defense (MND) paramilitary forces of the Gendarmerie and the border guards have beefed up their presence along the frontiers with Tunisia, Libya, Niger, and Mali to interdict and deter cross-border attacks by Islamist militant groups; the ANP and MND paramilitary forces have also increased counterterrorism cooperation with some neighboring countries, particularly Tunisia, including joint operations the ANP has also played a large role in the country’s politics since independence in 1962, including coups in 1965 and 1991; it was a key backer of BOUTEFLIKA’s election in 1999 and remained a center of power during his 20-year rule; the military was instrumental in BOUTEFLIKA’s resignation in 2019, when it withdrew support and called for him to be removed from office (2024)
Military and Security: Military and security forces
Algerian People's National Army (ANP): Land Forces, Naval Forces (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces, Territorial Air Defense Forces, Republican Guard, National Gendarmerie Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of National Security (national police) (2025)
Military and Security: Military and security service personnel strengths
information varies; estimated 200,000 active ANP, including the National Gendarmerie (2025)
Military and Security: Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the Algerian military has traditionally been armed mostly with Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems and equipment; over the past decade, it has made investments in acquiring more modern armored vehicles, air defense systems, fighter aircraft, missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and warships, largely from Russia, its traditional supplier, but also China and Western European suppliers such as Germany (2025)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2015
5.55% (2015 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2016
5.65% (2016 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2017
5.31% (2017 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2018
4.93% (2018 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2019
5.33% (2019 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2020
5.89% (2020 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2021
4.89% (2021 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2022
4.06% (2022 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2023
7.39% (2023 est.)
Military and Security: Military expenditures: Military Expenditures 2024
7.97% (2024 est.)
Military and Security: Military service age and obligation
18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 19 years of age for mandatory national service for men (all Algerian men must register at age 17); 12 months national service obligation (2025)
People and Society: Age structure: 0-14 years
30.8% (male 7,411,337/female 7,062,794)
People and Society: Age structure: 15-64 years
62.3% (male 14,846,102/female 14,441,034)
People and Society: Age structure: 65 years and over
6.9% (2024 est.) (male 1,597,382/female 1,663,824)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: beer
0.31 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: spirits
0.08 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: total
0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Alcohol consumption per capita: wine
0.2 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
People and Society: Birth rate
19.62 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 15
0% (2019)
People and Society: Child marriage: women married by age 18
3.8% (2019)
People and Society: Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.7% (2019 est.)
People and Society: Current health expenditure
4.35% (2023 est.)
People and Society: Currently married women (ages 15-49)
55.5% (2019 est.)
People and Society: Death rate
4.39 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: elderly dependency ratio
11.5 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: potential support ratio
8.7 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio
60.5 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Dependency ratios: youth dependency ratio
48.9 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: rural
rural: 90.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: total
total: 94.7% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: improved: urban
urban: 96.1% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: rural
rural: 9.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: total
total: 5.3% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Drinking water source: unimproved: urban
urban: 3.9% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.6% of GDP (2023 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% national budget)
15.5% national budget (2025 est.)
People and Society: Education expenditures
8.98% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Ethnic groups
Arab-Amazigh 99%, European less than 1%
People and Society: Gross reproduction rate
1.42 (2025 est.)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
5.5% of GDP (2021)
People and Society: Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
5.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
People and Society: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
0.10% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Hospital bed density
1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017 est.)
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: female
17.5 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: male
19.8 deaths/1,000 live births
People and Society: Infant mortality rate: total
19.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
People and Society: Languages: Languages
Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Tamazight (official) (dialects include Kabyle (Taqbaylit), Shawiya (Tacawit), Mzab, Tuareg (Tamahaq))
People and Society: Languages: major-language sample(s)
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: female
77.9 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Life expectancy at birth: male
75.1 years (2024 est.)
People and Society: Literacy: female
74.2% (2019 est.)
People and Society: Major urban areas - population
2.902 million ALGIERS (capital), 936,000 Oran (2022)
People and Society: Maternal mortality ratio
62 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
People and Society: Median age: female
29.4 years
People and Society: Median age: male
28.8 years
People and Society: Nationality: adjective
Algerian
People and Society: Net migration rate
-0.52 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
People and Society: Obesity - adult prevalence rate
27.4% (2016)
People and Society: Physician density
1.66 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
People and Society: Population
46,814,308 (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population distribution
the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast
People and Society: Population growth rate
1.40% (2024 est.)
People and Society: Population: female
23,516,017
People and Society: Population: male
24,219,668
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: rural
rural: 91.7% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: total
total: 96.6% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: improved: urban
urban: 98.3% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: rural
rural: 8.3% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: total
total: 3.4% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: Sanitation facility access: unimproved: urban
urban: 1.7% of population (2022 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): female
16 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): male
15 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total
15 years (2023 est.)
People and Society: Sex ratio: 0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 15-64 years
1.03 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: 65 years and over
0.96 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
People and Society: Sex ratio: total population
1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: female
0.6% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: male
41.6% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Tobacco use: total
21.4% (2025 est.)
People and Society: Total fertility rate
2.72 children born/woman (2024 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: rate of urbanization
1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
People and Society: Urbanization: urban population
75.28% (2024 est.)
Space: Key space-program milestones
2002 - first remote sensing (RS) satellite (Alsat-1A) built jointly with the UK and launched by Russia 2006 - announced a national space program 2010 and 2016 - first Algerian-designed and -built RS satellites (Alsat-2A and 2B) launched by India 2017 - first communications satellite (Alcomsat-1) built jointly with and launched by China; announced a 2040 national space plan 2026 - RS satellite (AlSat-3A) launched by China
Space: Space agency/agencies
Algerian Space Agency (Agence Spatiale Algérienne, ASAL; established 2002) (2025)
Space: Space launch site(s)
none; note - in 1947, Algeria began hosting a French military rocket test site known as the Centre Interarmées d’Essais d’Engins Spéciaux (CIEES or Interarmy Special Vehicles Test Center); it was the continent of Africa's first rocket launch site and was in service until 1967
Space: Space program overview
has a national space policy and space research program with stated goals of supporting internal development, managing resources, mastering space technology, and reinforcing national sovereignty; builds and operates communications and remote sensing (RS) satellites; researching and developing a range of space-related capabilities, including satellites and satellite payloads, communications, RS, instrumentation, image processing, and geo-spatial information; works with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including Argentina, China, France, Germany, India, Russia, Slovenia, Ukraine, the UK, and other African countries; member of the African Space Agency and the Arab Space Coordination Group (2025)
Terrorism: Terrorist group(s)
al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM); Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) – Algeria; al-Mulathamun Battalion (al-Mourabitoun)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: IDPs
25 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees
188,206 (2024 est.)
Transnational Issues: Trafficking in persons: tier rating
Tier 2 Watch List — Algeria did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Algeria remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/algeria/
Transportation: Airports
95 (2025)
Transportation: Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
7T
Transportation: Heliports
11 (2025)
Transportation: Merchant marine: by type
bulk carrier 1, container ship 4, general cargo 11, oil tanker 14, other 89
Transportation: Merchant marine: total
119 (2022)
Transportation: Ports: key ports
Alger, Annaba, Arzew, Arzew El Djedid, Bejaia, Mers El Kebir, Oran, Port Methanier, Skikda
Transportation: Ports: large
2
Transportation: Ports: medium
1
Transportation: Ports: ports with oil terminals
3
Transportation: Ports: small
6
Transportation: Ports: total ports
17 (2024)
Transportation: Ports: very small
8
Transportation: Railways: total
4,020 km (2019)
Warning: Some information might be outdated or incorrect, please check statistics before using(most of the economical stats are correct, its mostly the Population stats that are incorrect). Some dates are listed but some are missed, if you have any issues please report it to the Github at github.com.